Edison de Souza Carneiro (12 August 1912 – 2 December 1972) was a Brazilian writer, historian and ethnologist who specialized in Afro-Brazilian culture. He was one of the most well-known Brazilian ethnologists during his time with his studies on Afro-Brazilian culture and history, which had largely been ignored by Brazilian academic literature up to that point. He was also an activist with the Brazilian Communist Party (PCB), starting in the 1930s.
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