Alternatives to the Randomized Controlled Trial
Furkejuvvon:
| Publikašuvnnas: | American Journal of Public Health vol. 98, no. 8 (Aug 2008), p. 1359-1366 |
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| Eará dahkkit: | , , , , , , , , , |
| Almmustuhtton: |
American Public Health Association
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| Fáttát: | |
| Liŋkkat: | Citation/Abstract Full Text Full Text - PDF |
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| 100 | 1 | |a West, Stephen G, PhD | |
| 245 | 1 | |a Alternatives to the Randomized Controlled Trial | |
| 260 | |b American Public Health Association |c Aug 2008 | ||
| 513 | |a Journal Article | ||
| 520 | 3 | |a Public health researchers are addressing new research questions (e.g., effects of environmental tobacco smoke, Hurricane Katrina) for which the randomized controlled trial (RCT) may not be a feasible option. Drawing on the potential outcomes framework (Rubin Causal Model) and Campbellian perspectives, we consider alternative research designs that permit relatively strong causal inferences. In randomized encouragement designs, participants are randomly invited to participate in one of the treatment conditions, but are allowed to decide whether to receive treatment. In quantitative assignment designs, treatment is assigned on the basis of a quantitative measure (e.g., need, merit, risk). In observational studies, treatment assignment is unknown and presumed to be nonrandom. Major threats to the validity of each design and statistical strategies for mitigating those threats are presented. [PUBLICATION ABSTRACT] Public health researchers are addressing new research questions (e.g., effects of environmental tobacco smoke, Hurricane Katrina) for which the randomized controlled trial (RCT) may not be a feasible option. Drawing on the potential outcomes framework (Rubin Causal Model) and Campbellian perspectives, we consider alternative research designs that permit relatively strong causal inferences. In randomized encouragement designs, participants are randomly invited to participate in one of the treatment conditions, but are allowed to decide whether to receive treatment. In quantitative assignment designs, treatment is assigned on the basis of a quantitative measure (e.g., need, merit, risk). In observational studies, treatment assignment is unknown and presumed to be nonrandom. Major threats to the validity of each design and statistical strategies for mitigating those threats are presented. | |
| 650 | 1 | 2 | |a Causality |
| 650 | 2 | 2 | |a Choice Behavior |
| 650 | 1 | 2 | |a Epidemiologic Research Design |
| 650 | 2 | 2 | |a Humans |
| 650 | 2 | 2 | |a Public Health |
| 650 | 2 | 2 | |a Qualitative Research |
| 650 | 1 | 2 | |a Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic |
| 650 | 2 | 2 | |a Regression Analysis |
| 650 | 1 | 2 | |a Reproducibility of Results |
| 650 | 2 | 2 | |a Research Subjects |x psychology |
| 653 | |a Studies | ||
| 653 | |a Medical research | ||
| 653 | |a Tobacco smoke | ||
| 653 | |a Religious organizations | ||
| 653 | |a Prevention programs | ||
| 653 | |a Intervention | ||
| 653 | |a Confidence intervals | ||
| 653 | |a Employment | ||
| 653 | |a Clinical trials | ||
| 653 | |a Research | ||
| 653 | |a Validity | ||
| 653 | |a Hurricanes | ||
| 653 | |a Job hunting | ||
| 653 | |a Environmental effects | ||
| 653 | |a Passive smoking | ||
| 653 | |a Observational studies | ||
| 653 | |a Causal models | ||
| 653 | |a Threats | ||
| 653 | |a Research design | ||
| 653 | |a Tobacco | ||
| 653 | |a Alternative approaches | ||
| 653 | |a Assignment | ||
| 653 | |a Social | ||
| 700 | 1 | |a Duan, Naihua, PhD | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Pequegnat, Willo, PhD | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Gaist, Paul, PhD, MPH | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Des Jarlais, Don C, PhD | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Holtgrave, David, PhD | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Szapocznik, José, PhD | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Fishbein, Martin, PhD | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Rapkin, Bruce, PhD | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Clatts, Michael, PhD | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Mullen, Patricia Dolan, DrPH | |
| 773 | 0 | |t American Journal of Public Health |g vol. 98, no. 8 (Aug 2008), p. 1359-1366 | |
| 786 | 0 | |d ProQuest |t ABI/INFORM Global | |
| 856 | 4 | 1 | |3 Citation/Abstract |u https://www.proquest.com/docview/215095473/abstract/embedded/7BTGNMKEMPT1V9Z2?source=fedsrch |
| 856 | 4 | 0 | |3 Full Text |u https://www.proquest.com/docview/215095473/fulltext/embedded/7BTGNMKEMPT1V9Z2?source=fedsrch |
| 856 | 4 | 0 | |3 Full Text - PDF |u https://www.proquest.com/docview/215095473/fulltextPDF/embedded/7BTGNMKEMPT1V9Z2?source=fedsrch |