On the link between cold fronts and hail in Switzerland

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Publicado en:Atmospheric Science Letters vol. 17, no. 5 (May 2016), p. 315
Autor principal: Schemm, Sebastian
Otros Autores: Nisi, Luca, Martinov, Andrey, Leuenberger, Daniel, Martius, Olivia
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John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
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024 7 |a 10.1002/asl.660  |2 doi 
035 |a 2289254259 
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100 1 |a Schemm, Sebastian  |u Geophysical Institute and Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Institute of Geography, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland 
245 1 |a On the link between cold fronts and hail in Switzerland 
260 |b John Wiley & Sons, Inc.  |c May 2016 
513 |a Journal Article 
520 3 |a Hail is the costliest atmospheric hazard in Switzerland, causing substantial damage to agriculture, cars and buildings every year. In this study, a 12‐year statistic of objectively identified cold fronts and a radar‐based hail statistic are combined to investigate the co‐occurrence of cold fronts and hail in Switzerland. In a first step, an automated front identification scheme, which has previously been designed for and applied to global reanalysis data, is modified for a high‐resolution regional analysis data set. This front detection method is then adapted, tested and applied to the Consortium for Small Scale Modelling (COSMO) analysis data for the extended hail season (May to September) in the years 2002–2013. The resulting cold front statistic is presented and discussed. In a second step, the frequency of cold fronts is linked to a high‐resolution radar‐based hail statistic to determine the relative fraction of hail initiation events in pre‐frontal environments. Up to 45% of all detected hail events in north‐eastern and southern Switzerland form in pre‐frontal zones. Similar fractions are identified upstream of the Jura and the Black Forest mountains. The percentage of front‐related hail formation is highest in regions where hail is statistically less frequent, with the exception of southern Switzerland. Furthermore, it is shown that fronts create wind‐sheared environments, which are favourable for hail cells. 
651 4 |a Switzerland 
651 4 |a Alps 
653 |a Hail 
653 |a Cold 
653 |a Consortia 
653 |a Datasets 
653 |a Mountains 
653 |a Identification 
653 |a Thunderstorms 
653 |a Frontal zones 
653 |a Cold fronts 
653 |a Radar 
653 |a Resolution 
653 |a Agriculture 
653 |a Regional analysis 
653 |a Data analysis 
653 |a Scale models 
653 |a Regional planning 
653 |a Atmospheric models 
653 |a Hail formation 
653 |a Storms 
653 |a Algorithms 
653 |a Detection 
653 |a Wind shear 
653 |a Small-scale models 
653 |a Automation 
653 |a Cold front 
653 |a Atmospheric sciences 
653 |a Environmental 
700 1 |a Nisi, Luca  |u Institute of Geography, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Mobiliar Lab for Natural Risks, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland 
700 1 |a Martinov, Andrey  |u Institute of Geography, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Mobiliar Lab for Natural Risks, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland 
700 1 |a Leuenberger, Daniel  |u Federal Office of Meteorology and Climatology MeteoSwiss, Zurich, Switzerland 
700 1 |a Martius, Olivia  |u Institute of Geography, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Mobiliar Lab for Natural Risks, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland 
773 0 |t Atmospheric Science Letters  |g vol. 17, no. 5 (May 2016), p. 315 
786 0 |d ProQuest  |t Publicly Available Content Database 
856 4 1 |3 Citation/Abstract  |u https://www.proquest.com/docview/2289254259/abstract/embedded/7BTGNMKEMPT1V9Z2?source=fedsrch 
856 4 0 |3 Full Text + Graphics  |u https://www.proquest.com/docview/2289254259/fulltextwithgraphics/embedded/7BTGNMKEMPT1V9Z2?source=fedsrch 
856 4 0 |3 Full Text - PDF  |u https://www.proquest.com/docview/2289254259/fulltextPDF/embedded/7BTGNMKEMPT1V9Z2?source=fedsrch