Methodological Problems in Every Black-Box Study of Forensic Firearm Comparisons
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| Publicado no: | arXiv.org (Mar 25, 2024), p. n/a |
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| Autor principal: | |
| Outros Autores: | , , |
| Publicado em: |
Cornell University Library, arXiv.org
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| Acesso em linha: | Citation/Abstract Full text outside of ProQuest |
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MARC
| LEADER | 00000nab a2200000uu 4500 | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 001 | 3000390668 | ||
| 003 | UK-CbPIL | ||
| 022 | |a 2331-8422 | ||
| 035 | |a 3000390668 | ||
| 045 | 0 | |b d20240325 | |
| 100 | 1 | |a Cuellar, Maria | |
| 245 | 1 | |a Methodological Problems in Every Black-Box Study of Forensic Firearm Comparisons | |
| 260 | |b Cornell University Library, arXiv.org |c Mar 25, 2024 | ||
| 513 | |a Working Paper | ||
| 520 | 3 | |a Reviews conducted by the National Academy of Sciences (2009) and the President's Council of Advisors on Science and Technology (2016) concluded that the field of forensic firearm comparisons has not been demonstrated to be scientifically valid. Scientific validity requires adequately designed studies of firearm examiner performance in terms of accuracy, repeatability, and reproducibility. Researchers have performed ``black-box'' studies with the goal of estimating these performance measures. As statisticians with expertise in experimental design, we conducted a literature search of such studies to date and then evaluated the design and statistical analysis methods used in each study. Our conclusion is that all studies in our literature search have methodological flaws that are so grave that they render the studies invalid, that is, incapable of establishing scientific validity of the field of firearms examination. Notably, error rates among firearms examiners, both collectively and individually, remain unknown. Therefore, statements about the common origin of bullets or cartridge cases that are based on examination of ``individual" characteristics do not have a scientific basis. We provide some recommendations for the design and analysis of future studies. | |
| 653 | |a Design analysis | ||
| 653 | |a Statistical methods | ||
| 653 | |a Design of experiments | ||
| 653 | |a Small arms | ||
| 653 | |a Black boxes | ||
| 653 | |a Reproducibility | ||
| 653 | |a Statistical analysis | ||
| 653 | |a Scientific validity | ||
| 653 | |a Firearms | ||
| 653 | |a Projectiles | ||
| 700 | 1 | |a Vanderplas, Susan | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Luby, Amanda | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Rosenblum, Michael | |
| 773 | 0 | |t arXiv.org |g (Mar 25, 2024), p. n/a | |
| 786 | 0 | |d ProQuest |t Engineering Database | |
| 856 | 4 | 1 | |3 Citation/Abstract |u https://www.proquest.com/docview/3000390668/abstract/embedded/7BTGNMKEMPT1V9Z2?source=fedsrch |
| 856 | 4 | 0 | |3 Full text outside of ProQuest |u http://arxiv.org/abs/2403.17248 |