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First Detection and Genomic Characterization of Linezolid-Resistant Enterococcus faecalis Clinical Isolates in Bulgaria

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Publicado en:Microorganisms vol. 13, no. 1 (2025), p. 195
Autor principal: Strateva, Tanya V
Otros Autores: Hristova, Preslava, Stoeva, Temenuga J, Hitkova, Hristina, Peykov, Slavil
Publicado:
MDPI AG
Materias:
United Kingdom > UK
United States > US
Infections
Clinical isolates
Antibiotic resistance
Pathogens
Diabetes
Public health
Bacteria
Mutation
Gram-positive bacteria
Vancomycin
Genomes
Nucleotide sequence
Research & development > R&D
Genes
Drug resistance
Proteins
Nucleotides
Ribosomal proteins
Gene sequencing
Antibiotics
Minimum inhibitory concentration
Hospitals
Antimicrobial agents
Genomic analysis
Single-nucleotide polymorphism
Linezolid
Whole genome sequencing
Multilocus sequence typing
Microbiota
Enzymes
Enterococcus faecalis
Acceso en línea:Citation/Abstract
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Resumen:Linezolid is an oxazolidinone antibiotic and is considered a last-resort treatment option for serious infections caused by problematic Gram-positive pathogens, including vancomycin-resistant enterococci. The present study aimed to explore the linezolid resistance mechanisms and genomic characteristics of two vancomycin-susceptible Enterococcus faecalis isolates from Bulgaria. The strains designated Efs2503-bg (inpatient from Pleven) and Efs966-bg (outpatient from Varna) were recovered from wounds in 2018 and 2023, respectively. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing, whole-genome sequencing, multilocus sequence typing, and phylogenomic analysis based on 332 linezolid-resistant E. faecalis genomes were performed. Efs2503-bg was high-level resistant to linezolid (MIC > 256 mg/L) and displayed the G2576T mutation affecting three of the four 23S rDNA loci. Efs966-bg (MIC = 8 mg/L) carried a plasmid-located optrA determinant surrounded by fexA and ermA. No mutations in the genes encoding for ribosomal proteins L3, L4, and L22 were detected. The isolates belonged to the sequence types ST6 (Efs2503-bg) and ST1102 (Efs966-bg). Phylogenomic analysis revealed that Efs2503-bg and Efs966-bg are genetically distinct, with a difference of 12,051 single-nucleotide polymorphisms. To our knowledge, this is the first report of linezolid-resistant enterococci in Bulgaria. Although the global incidence of linezolid-resistant enterococci is still low, their emergence is alarming and poses a growing clinical threat to public health.
ISSN:2076-2607
DOI:10.3390/microorganisms13010195
Fuente:Biological Science Database