Prediction of Member Forces of Steel Tubes on the Basis of a Sensor System with the Use of AI

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Publicado en:Sensors vol. 25, no. 3 (2025), p. 919
Autor Principal: Li, Haiyu
Outros autores: Chung, Heungjin
Publicado:
MDPI AG
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100 1 |a Li, Haiyu 
245 1 |a Prediction of Member Forces of Steel Tubes on the Basis of a Sensor System with the Use of AI 
260 |b MDPI AG  |c 2025 
513 |a Journal Article 
520 3 |a The rapid development of AI (artificial intelligence), sensor technology, high-speed Internet, and cloud computing has demonstrated the potential of data-driven approaches in structural health monitoring (SHM) within the field of structural engineering. Algorithms based on machine learning (ML) models are capable of discerning intricate structural behavioral patterns from real-time data gathered by sensors, thereby offering solutions to engineering quandaries in structural mechanics and SHM. This study presents an innovative approach based on AI and a fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) double-helix sensor system for the prediction of forces acting on steel tube members in offshore wind turbine support systems; this enables structural health monitoring of the support system. The steel tube as the transitional member and the FRP double helix-sensor system were initially modeled in three dimensions using ABAQUS finite element software. Subsequently, the data obtained from the finite element analysis (FEA) were inputted into a fully connected neural network (FCNN) model, with the objective of establishing a nonlinear mapping relationship between the inputs (strain) and the outputs (reaction force). In the FCNN model, the impact of the number of input variables on the model’s predictive performance is examined through cross-comparison of different combinations and positions of the six sets of input variables. And based on an evaluation of engineering costs and the number of strain sensors, a series of potential combinations of variables are identified for further optimization. Furthermore, the potential variable combinations were optimized using a convolutional neural network (CNN) model, resulting in optimal input variable combinations that achieved the accuracy level of more input variable combinations with fewer sensors. This not only improves the prediction performance of the model but also effectively controls the engineering cost. The model performance was evaluated using several metrics, including R2, MSE, MAE, and SMAPE. The results demonstrated that the CNN model exhibited notable advantages in terms of fitting accuracy and computational efficiency when confronted with a limited data set. To provide further support for practical applications, an interactive graphical user interface (GUI)-based sensor-coupled mechanical prediction system for steel tubes was developed. This system enables engineers to predict the member forces of steel tubes in real time, thereby enhancing the efficiency and accuracy of SHM for offshore wind turbine support systems. 
653 |a Strain gauges 
653 |a Turbines 
653 |a Machine learning 
653 |a Simulation 
653 |a Software 
653 |a Accuracy 
653 |a Deep learning 
653 |a Artificial intelligence 
653 |a Metal fatigue 
653 |a Sensors 
653 |a Civil engineering 
653 |a Structural engineering 
653 |a Algorithms 
653 |a Offshore 
653 |a Drilling & boring machinery 
653 |a Computer aided engineering--CAE 
700 1 |a Chung, Heungjin 
773 0 |t Sensors  |g vol. 25, no. 3 (2025), p. 919 
786 0 |d ProQuest  |t Health & Medical Collection 
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