Loneliness and cognition in older adults: A meta-analysis of harmonized studies from the United States, England, India, China, South Africa, Mexico, and Chile

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Publicado en:	Psychological Medicine vol. 55 (Feb 2025)
Autor principal:	Lee, Ji Hyun
Otros Autores:	Sutin, Angelina R, Hajek, André, Karakose, Selin, Aschwanden, Damaris, Páraic S O’Súilleabháin, Stephan, Yannick, Terracciano, Antonio, Luchetti, Martina
Publicado:	Cambridge University Press
Materias:	Africa India China Chile Cognitive functioning Episodic memory Visual perception Memory Respondents Fluency Loneliness Older people Ethnicity Cognitive ability Dementia Longitudinal studies Marital status Cognitive impairment Mental depression Age Meta-analysis Spatial memory Aging Dementia disorders Sociodemographics Risk factors Females Ratings & rankings Population studies Visual memory Visual-Spatial ability Cognition & reasoning Cultural differences Cognition Adults
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Descripción
Resumen:	BackgroundLoneliness is a risk factor for late-life dementia. There is less consistent evidence of its association with cognitive performance. This study examined the replicability of the association between loneliness and overall and domain-specific cognitive function and informant-rated cognitive decline in cohorts from seven countries: the United States, England, India, China, South Africa, Mexico, and Chile.MethodsData were from the Harmonized Cognitive Assessment Protocol administered in seven population-based studies (total N > 20,000). Participants reported their loneliness, completed a battery of cognitive tests, and nominated a knowledgeable informant to rate their cognitive decline. Random-effect meta-analyses were used to summarize the associations from each cohort.ResultsLoneliness was associated with poor overall cognitive performance and informant-rated cognitive decline controlling for sociodemographic factors (meta-analytic correlation for overall cognition = −.10 [95% CI = −.13, −.06] and informant-rated decline = .16 [95% CI = .14, .17]). Despite some heterogeneity, the associations were significant across samples from Africa, Asia, Europe, North, Central, and South America. The meta-analysis also indicated an association with specific cognitive domains: episodic memory, speed-attention, visuospatial abilities, numeric reasoning, and verbal fluency. The associations were attenuated but persisted when depressive symptoms were added as a covariate. Depression, cognitive impairment, and sociodemographic factors did not consistently moderate the associations across samples.ConclusionsLoneliness is associated with poor performance across multiple domains of cognition and observer-rated cognitive decline, associations that replicated across diverse world regions and cultures.
ISSN:	0033-2917 1469-8978
DOI:	10.1017/S003329172500011X
Fuente:	Sociology Database