Evaluating the Sounds Produced by Pacific Cod (Gadus macrocephalus, Gadidae) During the Spawning Season

Αποθηκεύτηκε σε:
Λεπτομέρειες βιβλιογραφικής εγγραφής
Εκδόθηκε σε:Journal of Marine Science and Engineering vol. 13, no. 2 (2025), p. 378
Κύριος συγγραφέας: Cho, Sungho
Άλλοι συγγραφείς: Kang, Donhyug, Kim, Hansoo, Kim, Mira, Kim, Sunhyo
Έκδοση:
MDPI AG
Θέματα:
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022 |a 2077-1312 
024 7 |a 10.3390/jmse13020378  |2 doi 
035 |a 3171120119 
045 2 |b d20250101  |b d20251231 
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100 1 |a Cho, Sungho 
245 1 |a Evaluating the Sounds Produced by Pacific Cod (<i>Gadus macrocephalus</i>, Gadidae) During the Spawning Season 
260 |b MDPI AG  |c 2025 
513 |a Journal Article 
520 3 |a Marine organisms produce sounds for various purposes, including spawning, avoidance, and migration, with each species exhibiting unique acoustic characteristics. This study observed the grunt sounds of Pacific cod (Gadus macrocephalus) during the spawning season for the first time using passive acoustic monitoring (PAM) techniques. Acoustic signals were recorded continuously for about one month at an aquaculture fish farm in Korea. From these recordings, 1208 grunt sounds of Pacific cod were extracted using an automatic grunt detector, and statistical time–frequency parameters were estimated. On average, the grunt sounds consisted of 29 pulses at 6.5 ms intervals within a duration of 205 ms, with a pulse rate of 122.6 per second. The periodic pulse-type signal creates multiple harmonic frequencies on the spectrogram, characterized by time-harmonic modulation with a slope of −240 Hz/s. The mth harmonic frequency distribution ranged from 162 to 822 Hz, with a median source level of 122.6 dB re 1 μPa at 1 m. These findings provide essential scientific data for understanding Pacific cod communication during the spawning season and can aid in identifying spawning sites, conserving habitats, and managing biological resources, contributing to marine ecosystem protection and sustainable management. 
610 4 |a West Sea 
651 4 |a United States--US 
653 |a Cold 
653 |a Fish 
653 |a Acoustic tracking 
653 |a Fish farms 
653 |a Migrations 
653 |a Sustainability management 
653 |a Migratory species 
653 |a Fish culture 
653 |a Aquaculture 
653 |a Signal processing 
653 |a Ecosystem protection 
653 |a Marine ecosystems 
653 |a Spawning 
653 |a Frequency distribution 
653 |a Time series 
653 |a Sound 
653 |a Seasons 
653 |a Marine organisms 
653 |a Cod 
653 |a Parameter estimation 
653 |a Spawning seasons 
653 |a Whitefish 
653 |a Acoustics 
653 |a Gadus macrocephalus 
653 |a Environmental 
700 1 |a Kang, Donhyug 
700 1 |a Kim, Hansoo 
700 1 |a Kim, Mira 
700 1 |a Kim, Sunhyo 
773 0 |t Journal of Marine Science and Engineering  |g vol. 13, no. 2 (2025), p. 378 
786 0 |d ProQuest  |t Engineering Database 
856 4 1 |3 Citation/Abstract  |u https://www.proquest.com/docview/3171120119/abstract/embedded/L8HZQI7Z43R0LA5T?source=fedsrch 
856 4 0 |3 Full Text + Graphics  |u https://www.proquest.com/docview/3171120119/fulltextwithgraphics/embedded/L8HZQI7Z43R0LA5T?source=fedsrch 
856 4 0 |3 Full Text - PDF  |u https://www.proquest.com/docview/3171120119/fulltextPDF/embedded/L8HZQI7Z43R0LA5T?source=fedsrch