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022 |a 2523-3963 
022 |a 2523-3971 
024 7 |a 10.1007/s42452-025-07018-w  |2 doi 
035 |a 3206287582 
045 2 |b d20250601  |b d20250630 
245 1 |a Digital Twin Road: value and implications involving data and application 
260 |b Springer Nature B.V.  |c Jun 2025 
513 |a Journal Article 
520 3 |a With the advancement of digital technologies, the creation of a digital twin of the road has moved from a theoretical concept to a tangible reality. Digital twins enable rapid simulations and robust data management, thereby ostensibly empowering policymakers and engineers to make expeditious and well-informed decisions. This paper examines the potential applications, benefits, and implications of deploying the digital twin of a road, a real-time virtual replica of physical road infrastructure, from four critical perspectives: physical modelling and numerical simulations, data management, law, and sustainability assessment. This paper explores the potential of digital twins to offer advancements in the efficiency and sustainability of road infrastructure. By enabling comprehensive monitoring and optimisation, the digital twin of a road facilitates applications in sustainable design, predictive maintenance, and efficient operation. Real-time data collection and analysis could allow for proactive maintenance and better resource management, while the integration of advanced materials and sensor technologies can enhance road durability and performance. Additionally, the digital twin of a road could support a holistic life cycle approach, facilitating better decision-making and planning for future infrastructure projects, with the potential to contribute to smarter and more sustainable transportation networks. The implementation of digital twins of roads, however, faces several challenges and raises numerous concerns. Key issues include the integration of diverse data sources, ensuring data accuracy and reliability, and addressing data protection and security concerns, requiring robust legal and regulatory frameworks to manage and protect personal data.Article highlights<list list-type="bullet"><list-item></list-item>Digital twins of roads are explored focusing on physical modelling and numerical simulation, data management, legal aspects, and sustainability.<list-item>Benefits include long-term pavement analyses, prediction of pavement deterioration, lifespan extension and improved road safety.</list-item><list-item>Challenges involve advanced sensor data fusion, data privacy concerns, and potential unequal impacts on marginalised communities.</list-item> 
653 |a Predictive analytics 
653 |a Sustainability 
653 |a Traffic safety 
653 |a Infrastructure 
653 |a Roads & highways 
653 |a Transportation networks 
653 |a Transportation planning 
653 |a Traffic flow 
653 |a Unmanned aerial vehicles 
653 |a Data integration 
653 |a Road maintenance 
653 |a Climate change 
653 |a Internet of Things 
653 |a Resource management 
653 |a Data management 
653 |a Simulation 
653 |a Construction 
653 |a Pavements 
653 |a Real time operation 
653 |a Decision making 
653 |a Multisensor fusion 
653 |a Pavement deterioration 
653 |a Life span 
653 |a Emissions 
653 |a Modelling 
653 |a Interdisciplinary aspects 
653 |a Automation 
653 |a Sustainable design 
653 |a Robustness 
653 |a Data collection 
653 |a Artificial intelligence 
653 |a Digital twins 
653 |a Autonomous vehicles 
653 |a Automobile safety 
653 |a Sustainable transportation 
653 |a Traffic accidents & safety 
653 |a Geographic information systems 
653 |a Mathematical models 
653 |a Predictive maintenance 
653 |a Economic 
773 0 |t SN Applied Sciences  |g vol. 7, no. 6 (Jun 2025), p. 510 
786 0 |d ProQuest  |t Science Database 
856 4 1 |3 Citation/Abstract  |u https://www.proquest.com/docview/3206287582/abstract/embedded/75I98GEZK8WCJMPQ?source=fedsrch 
856 4 0 |3 Full Text  |u https://www.proquest.com/docview/3206287582/fulltext/embedded/75I98GEZK8WCJMPQ?source=fedsrch 
856 4 0 |3 Full Text - PDF  |u https://www.proquest.com/docview/3206287582/fulltextPDF/embedded/75I98GEZK8WCJMPQ?source=fedsrch