StatePre: A Large Language Model-Based State-Handling Method for Network Protocol Fuzzing

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Publicado en:Electronics vol. 14, no. 10 (2025), p. 1931
Autor Principal: Zhang, Yifan
Outros autores: Zhu Kailong, Peng, Jie, Lu, Yuliang, Chen, Qian, Li Zixiong
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MDPI AG
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100 1 |a Zhang, Yifan  |u College of Electronic Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Hefei 230037, China; zhangyifan.727@nudt.edu.cn (Y.Z.); zhukailong@nudt.edu.cn (K.Z.); pengjie22@nudt.edu.cn (J.P.); harutoo@126.com (Q.C.); lizixiong@nudt.edu.cn (Z.L.) 
245 1 |a StatePre: A Large Language Model-Based State-Handling Method for Network Protocol Fuzzing 
260 |b MDPI AG  |c 2025 
513 |a Journal Article 
520 3 |a As essential components for communication, network protocol programs are highly security-critical, making it crucial to identify their vulnerabilities. Fuzzing is one of the most popular software vulnerability discovery techniques, being highly efficient and having low false-positive rates. However, current network protocol fuzzing is hindered by the coarse-grained and missing state annotations in programs. The current solutions primarily rely on the manual modification of programs, which is inefficient and prone to omissions. In this paper, we propose StatePre, a novel state-handling method for stateful network protocol programs, which leverages large language model (LLM) code- and text-understanding capabilities to analyze request for comments (RFC)-defined state knowledge and optimize the state handling of programs for fuzzing. StatePre automatically refines coarse-grained state annotations and complements missing state annotations in programs to ensure precise state tracking and fuzzing effectiveness. We implement a prototype of StatePre. The evaluation shows that programs modified with StatePre, with fine-grained and comprehensive state annotations, achieve better fuzzing efficiency, higher code coverage, and improved crash detection compared to those not modified with StatePre. Moreover, StatePre demonstrates good scalability, thus is applicable to various network protocol programs. 
653 |a Adaptation 
653 |a Software reliability 
653 |a Design 
653 |a Methods 
653 |a Annotations 
653 |a Large language models 
653 |a Automation 
653 |a Protocol 
653 |a Efficiency 
653 |a Semantics 
653 |a Software testing 
700 1 |a Zhu Kailong  |u College of Electronic Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Hefei 230037, China; zhangyifan.727@nudt.edu.cn (Y.Z.); zhukailong@nudt.edu.cn (K.Z.); pengjie22@nudt.edu.cn (J.P.); harutoo@126.com (Q.C.); lizixiong@nudt.edu.cn (Z.L.) 
700 1 |a Peng, Jie  |u College of Electronic Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Hefei 230037, China; zhangyifan.727@nudt.edu.cn (Y.Z.); zhukailong@nudt.edu.cn (K.Z.); pengjie22@nudt.edu.cn (J.P.); harutoo@126.com (Q.C.); lizixiong@nudt.edu.cn (Z.L.) 
700 1 |a Lu, Yuliang  |u College of Electronic Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Hefei 230037, China; zhangyifan.727@nudt.edu.cn (Y.Z.); zhukailong@nudt.edu.cn (K.Z.); pengjie22@nudt.edu.cn (J.P.); harutoo@126.com (Q.C.); lizixiong@nudt.edu.cn (Z.L.) 
700 1 |a Chen, Qian  |u College of Electronic Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Hefei 230037, China; zhangyifan.727@nudt.edu.cn (Y.Z.); zhukailong@nudt.edu.cn (K.Z.); pengjie22@nudt.edu.cn (J.P.); harutoo@126.com (Q.C.); lizixiong@nudt.edu.cn (Z.L.) 
700 1 |a Li Zixiong  |u College of Electronic Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Hefei 230037, China; zhangyifan.727@nudt.edu.cn (Y.Z.); zhukailong@nudt.edu.cn (K.Z.); pengjie22@nudt.edu.cn (J.P.); harutoo@126.com (Q.C.); lizixiong@nudt.edu.cn (Z.L.) 
773 0 |t Electronics  |g vol. 14, no. 10 (2025), p. 1931 
786 0 |d ProQuest  |t Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Database 
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