Economic Evaluation of the Next Generation Electronic Medical Records in Singapore: Cost-Utility Analysis
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| Yayımlandı: | Journal of Medical Internet Research vol. 27 (2025), p. e70484 |
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| Yazar: | |
| Diğer Yazarlar: | , , , , |
| Baskı/Yayın Bilgisi: |
Gunther Eysenbach MD MPH, Associate Professor
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| Konular: | |
| Online Erişim: | Citation/Abstract Full Text + Graphics Full Text - PDF |
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| 022 | |a 1438-8871 | ||
| 024 | 7 | |a 10.2196/70484 |2 doi | |
| 035 | |a 3222369255 | ||
| 045 | 2 | |b d20250101 |b d20251231 | |
| 100 | 1 | |a Chen, Cynthia | |
| 245 | 1 | |a Economic Evaluation of the Next Generation Electronic Medical Records in Singapore: Cost-Utility Analysis | |
| 260 | |b Gunther Eysenbach MD MPH, Associate Professor |c 2025 | ||
| 513 | |a Journal Article | ||
| 520 | 3 | |a Background:With the vast development of technology and the evolving needs of patients and health care providers, electronic medical records (EMRs) have become a cornerstone for health information. However, different institutions have used different EMR systems. Our study investigates the potential benefits of implementing an integrated and common platform, known as the Next Generation Electronic Medical Record (NGEMR) in Singapore. The NGEMR allows improved data sharing between health care facilities and can promote better coordination between primary care and specialist care doctors to access patients’ records from the same database.Objective:This study aims to conduct an economic evaluation of the NGEMR to inform future health care system upgrades.Methods:A cost-utility analysis comparing NGEMR with the legacy EMR was conducted using a decision tree model with a 1-year time horizon from a health care system perspective. Input parameters of patients visiting primary care at the National University Polyclinics and specialist outpatient clinics from a General Hospital were extracted from the EMR systems. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) was calculated using costs and quality-adjusted life years (QALYs).Results:NGEMR was cost-effective and yielded a marginal health benefit (0.00006 QALYs gained) at a slightly higher cost (S $2.73; US $2.02), with an ICER of S $46,349 (US $34,298) per QALY. At the willingness-to-pay thresholds of 0.5- and 1-time gross domestic product (GDP) per capita (S $48,899; US $36,185 and S $97,798; US $72,371 per QALY), the implementation of NGEMR had a 52.2% and 64.7% probability of being cost-effective, respectively. The reduction in waiting time to see a specialist resulted in 2.3% fewer hospitalizations. The most influential parameter on the ICER was the probability of receiving duplicate tests, followed by the costs of admission and the probability of seeing a specialist. Reducing the probability of receiving duplicate tests for NGEMR from 20.7% to 13.2% resulted in a cost-saving ICER. A threshold analysis on the proportion of patients with a waiting time of less than 20 days for NGEMR was further explored, as it was a sensitive parameter on the cost-effectiveness of NGEMR. Increasing the proportion of patients with a waiting time of less than 20 days from 45.5% to 56% would result in cost savings for NGEMR.Conclusions:The adoption of NGEMR is cost-effective in Singapore. Beyond cost-effectiveness, the reduction of waiting time between primary and specialist care can lower the possibility of patients’ health deterioration, thus reducing hospital admissions. We recommend continuous monitoring of waiting times and the likelihood of having duplicate tests as countries transition from basic to advanced-level EMR systems. Future analyses could benefit from more granular data on timing and clinical indications and incorporate real-world local data as they become available through ongoing NGEMR rollout evaluations. | |
| 651 | 4 | |a United States--US | |
| 651 | 4 | |a Singapore | |
| 653 | |a Medical records | ||
| 653 | |a Software | ||
| 653 | |a Databases | ||
| 653 | |a Waiting times | ||
| 653 | |a Interoperability | ||
| 653 | |a Health care policy | ||
| 653 | |a Patients | ||
| 653 | |a Willingness to pay | ||
| 653 | |a Health care expenditures | ||
| 653 | |a Outpatient clinics | ||
| 653 | |a Health facilities | ||
| 653 | |a Primary care | ||
| 653 | |a Deterioration | ||
| 653 | |a Quality of life | ||
| 653 | |a Electronic health records | ||
| 653 | |a Cost analysis | ||
| 653 | |a Long term health care | ||
| 653 | |a Information storage | ||
| 653 | |a Cost control | ||
| 653 | |a Multimedia | ||
| 653 | |a Clinics | ||
| 653 | |a Quality adjusted life years | ||
| 653 | |a Medical referrals | ||
| 653 | |a Cost reduction | ||
| 653 | |a Thresholds | ||
| 653 | |a Hospitals | ||
| 653 | |a Gross Domestic Product--GDP | ||
| 653 | |a Probability | ||
| 653 | |a Computerized medical records | ||
| 653 | |a Medical personnel | ||
| 653 | |a Return on investment | ||
| 653 | |a Decision trees | ||
| 653 | |a Family physicians | ||
| 653 | |a Tests | ||
| 653 | |a Health information | ||
| 653 | |a Hospitalization | ||
| 653 | |a Utility functions | ||
| 653 | |a Systematic review | ||
| 653 | |a Coordination | ||
| 653 | |a Practitioner patient relationship | ||
| 653 | |a Time | ||
| 653 | |a Physicians | ||
| 653 | |a Archives & records | ||
| 653 | |a Health care industry | ||
| 653 | |a Costs | ||
| 653 | |a Data | ||
| 653 | |a Adoption of innovations | ||
| 653 | |a Health services | ||
| 653 | |a Effectiveness | ||
| 653 | |a Medical decision making | ||
| 653 | |a Information technology | ||
| 653 | |a Health care | ||
| 700 | 1 | |a Sukmanee, Jarawee | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Khai Wee Soon | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Lim, Julian | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Jared Louis Andre D'Souza | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Teerawattananon, Yot | |
| 773 | 0 | |t Journal of Medical Internet Research |g vol. 27 (2025), p. e70484 | |
| 786 | 0 | |d ProQuest |t Library Science Database | |
| 856 | 4 | 1 | |3 Citation/Abstract |u https://www.proquest.com/docview/3222369255/abstract/embedded/7BTGNMKEMPT1V9Z2?source=fedsrch |
| 856 | 4 | 0 | |3 Full Text + Graphics |u https://www.proquest.com/docview/3222369255/fulltextwithgraphics/embedded/7BTGNMKEMPT1V9Z2?source=fedsrch |
| 856 | 4 | 0 | |3 Full Text - PDF |u https://www.proquest.com/docview/3222369255/fulltextPDF/embedded/7BTGNMKEMPT1V9Z2?source=fedsrch |