Comprehensive Approach to Vulnerability Assessment of Structures and Communities Under Tsunami Hazards
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| Publicado en: | ProQuest Dissertations and Theses (2025) |
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| Acceso en línea: | Citation/Abstract Full Text - PDF |
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| Resumen: | Coastal regions face significant threats from tsunamis, which cause severe damage to infrastructure and human life. Due to their infrequent occurrence, accurately assessing tsunami hazards remains challenging, complicating risk evaluation despite their potentially catastrophic impact. This dissertation aims to enhance the understanding of structural and community vulnerability to tsunamis by developing advanced assessment methodologies. The research first evaluates structural fragility under tsunami loads and then expands to community-level vulnerability, offering insights for risk mitigation and resilience enhancement. A key component of this study is the use of fragility and vulnerability curves, which quantify the probability of structural failure under tsunami forces. These curves, based on cumulative log-normal distributions, provide critical insights for risk assessment and disaster management decision-making. This dissertation develops a comprehensive analytical approach for evaluating the fragility of structures subjected to tsunami loads. Through advanced numerical simulations, it examines structural behavior under extreme tsunami conditions, providing critical insights into their response. The proposed simulation approach is applied to selected structures, with the results analyzed to enhance understanding of structural fragility under tsunami loading, supporting the development of more resilient infrastructure in tsunami-prone regions. This dissertation presents three studies focused on the vulnerability of structures subjected to tsunami waves. The first study focuses on the tsunami vulnerability analysis of a reinforced concrete (RC) building classified as Tsunami Risk Category II. It examines the impact of different load distributions on the structural response during a tsunami event. The study also defines the inundation depth and flow velocity for dynamic assessments of the structural model. To quantify the effects of tsunamis on building performance, fragility relationships are derived from nonlinear dynamic response history analysis, utilizing a novel structural reliability method. The findings highlight that the number of tsunami cycles significantly influences the vulnerability of reinforced concrete structures, with a uniform load distribution being recommended for its conservatism. The second study examines the tsunami vulnerability of structures through numerically simulated tsunami waves, analyzing their propagation and impact on coastal dynamics and structural fragility. This study investigates the effects of various factors, including bathymetric features, alongside tsunami wave parameters. The simulation tool FUNWAVE-TVD is employed to model tsunami propagation and inundation. These tsunami intensity measures are then used to develop fragility curves to evaluate the structural probability of failure under different tsunami conditions. The study shows that higher Manning coefficients, steeper slopes, and longer wave periods reduce fragility, while more tsunami cycles and higher crest amplitudes significantly increase vulnerability, providing valuable insights for coastal resilience. The third study focuses on assessing the vulnerability of structures to 2D tsunami waves, with the goal of enhancing resilience in the coastal community of Kahului, Maui. A numerical simulation approach is developed to evaluate the fragility of selected structures under various tsunami scenarios through nonlinear dynamic time history analyses. The study aims to develop fragility curves for commercial, residential, and industrial buildings within the community, specifically examining the effects of wave amplitude, wave period, and other structural parameters. The findings indicate that both offshore tsunami amplitude and wave period significantly influence structural vulnerability, while building characteristics, such as design and materials, further impact the vulnerability of individual structures. Emphasizing the importance of estimating structural vulnerability, the study seeks to improve the accuracy of risk assessments and inform decision-making in disaster management. In conclusion, this research aims to advance the resilience of structures subjected to tsunami loads and to develop methods for assessing the vulnerability and performance of these structures. It highlights the importance of accurate vulnerability evaluation under varying tsunami wave conditions, considering factors such as bathymetric changes, wave characteristics, and structural types, to enhance risk assessment and decision-making in disaster management. The findings provide critical insights into the behavior of structures under tsunami loads and contribute to improved designs for both new and existing structures, including commercial, residential, and industrial buildings in coastal areas. Ultimately, these studies offer the potential to mitigate the economic and societal impacts of tsunami-related damage and inform effective coastal planning and disaster mitigation strategies. |
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| ISBN: | 9798283424880 |
| Fuente: | ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global |