The Global Disease Burden of Hypertensive Heart Disease from 1990 to 2019: A Gender-Stratified Joinpoint Analysis †

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Publicado en:Journal of Clinical Medicine vol. 14, no. 12 (2025), p. 4216-4228
Autor principal: Noman, Khalid
Otros Autores: Munshi Hasan, Abdullah, Ahmad, Abdullah, Muhammad, Afzal, Muhammad Adil, Qadir Sarshaar, Yezin, Shamoon, Vasudev Rahul, Shamoon, Fayez E
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024 7 |a 10.3390/jcm14124216  |2 doi 
035 |a 3223911621 
045 2 |b d20250101  |b d20251231 
100 1 |a Noman, Khalid  |u Department of Internal Medicine, St. Joseph’s University Medical Center, Paterson, NJ 07503, USA 
245 1 |a The Global Disease Burden of Hypertensive Heart Disease from 1990 to 2019: A Gender-Stratified Joinpoint Analysis † 
260 |b MDPI AG  |c 2025 
513 |a Journal Article 
520 3 |a This study aimed to examine global hypertensive heart disease (HHD) trends (1990–2019). Methods: We extracted data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2019 Study, encompassing 204 countries and territories. We analyzed the age-adjusted mortality rates (AAMRs), crude mortality, prevalence, years lived with disability (YLD), years of life lost (YLL), and disability-adjusted life years (DALY). Joinpoint Regression Analysis was used to calculate the Annual Percentage Change (APC), with p < 0.05 indicating statistical significance. Results were stratified by region, Socio-Demographic Index (SDI), and gender. Results: Globally, the crude mortality rate for HHD rose from 12.2 (95% UI 9.9–13.6) to 14.9 (95% UI 16.5–11.1) deaths/100,000 population (1990–2019), whereas the AAMR declined from 19.3 (95% UI 5.8–21.6) to 15.1 (95% UI 11.1–16.7). A Joinpoint Analysis revealed significant APC shifts: a decrease of −1.53% (p < 0.05) from 1990 to 2006, an increase of +0.60% (p < 0.05) from 2006 to 2015, and a subsequent decrease of −1.28% (p < 0.05) from 2006 to 2019. Eastern Europe showed the highest annual rate of change in AAMR at 0.9 (95% UI: −0.1 to 1.2), whereas the high-income Asia Pacific region experienced the largest decline at −0.66 (95% UI −0.27–−0.72). Central Asian males had an AAMR of 31.1 (95% UI 35.3–22.9) in 2019, and Sub-Saharan African females reached 38.5 (95% UI 48.4–26.3). YLL trended downward in both sexes (APC: −1.94, p < 0.05 in males; −1.81, p < 0.05 in females), yet YLD rose steadily in recent years, underscoring a growing chronic burden. The AAMR was highest in 2019 among Sub-Saharan African females, which is a particularly important area. Conclusions: Targeted strategies are essential to mitigate the escalating HHD burden. 
651 4 |a Eastern Europe 
651 4 |a Asia-Pacific region 
653 |a Health care access 
653 |a Population 
653 |a Software 
653 |a Regression analysis 
653 |a Age 
653 |a Trends 
653 |a Mortality 
653 |a Gender 
653 |a Hypertension 
653 |a Sociodemographics 
653 |a Regions 
653 |a Cardiovascular disease 
653 |a Public health 
653 |a Morbidity 
653 |a Females 
653 |a Disease prevention 
653 |a Heart 
653 |a Ethics 
653 |a Reproducibility 
700 1 |a Munshi Hasan  |u Department of Internal Medicine, St. Joseph’s University Medical Center, Paterson, NJ 07503, USA 
700 1 |a Abdullah, Ahmad  |u Department of Cardiology, St. Joseph’s University Medical Center, Paterson, NJ 07503, USA 
700 1 |a Abdullah, Muhammad  |u Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Shaikh Khalifa Bin Zayed Al Nahyan Medical College, Lahore 54000, Pakistan 
700 1 |a Afzal, Muhammad Adil  |u Department of Cardiology, St. Joseph’s University Medical Center, Paterson, NJ 07503, USA 
700 1 |a Qadir Sarshaar  |u Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Shaikh Khalifa Bin Zayed Al Nahyan Medical College, Lahore 54000, Pakistan 
700 1 |a Yezin, Shamoon  |u Department of Cardiology, St. Joseph’s University Medical Center, Paterson, NJ 07503, USA 
700 1 |a Vasudev Rahul  |u Department of Cardiology, St. Joseph’s University Medical Center, Paterson, NJ 07503, USA 
700 1 |a Shamoon, Fayez E  |u Department of Cardiology, St. Joseph’s University Medical Center, Paterson, NJ 07503, USA 
773 0 |t Journal of Clinical Medicine  |g vol. 14, no. 12 (2025), p. 4216-4228 
786 0 |d ProQuest  |t Health & Medical Collection 
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