Developmental Changes in Feeding Behavior and Maternal Influences in Wild Javan Gibbons (Hylobates moloch)

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Publicado en:International Journal of Primatology vol. 46, no. 3 (Jun 2025), p. 684
Autor Principal: Lee, Saein
Outros autores: Oktaviani, Rahayu, Yi, Yoonjung, Choi, Ahyun, Mardiastuti, Ani, Choe, Jae Chun
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Springer Nature B.V.
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Acceso en liña:Citation/Abstract
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100 1 |a Lee, Saein  |u Interdisciplinary Program of EcoCreative, Ewha Womans University, Laboratory of Behaviour and Ecology, Seoul, South Korea (GRID:grid.255649.9) (ISNI:0000 0001 2171 7754); University of Zurich, Department of Psychology, Zurich, Switzerland (GRID:grid.7400.3) (ISNI:0000 0004 1937 0650) 
245 1 |a Developmental Changes in Feeding Behavior and Maternal Influences in Wild Javan Gibbons (<i>Hylobates moloch</i>) 
260 |b Springer Nature B.V.  |c Jun 2025 
513 |a Journal Article 
520 3 |a Immature primates acquire skills through social learning from more experienced individuals. The needing-to-learn hypothesis posits that prolonged juvenility evolved to support such social learning under social and ecological challenges. In particular, feeding complexity—food requiring complex skills—poses challenges. Despite prolonged juvenility, the development of feeding behavior and social learning in gibbons remain poorly understood. We examined the feeding behavior of four offspring (aged 9 to 50&#xa0;months) and their mothers in three habituated groups of wild Javan gibbons (Hylobates moloch) in Gunung Halimun-Salak National Park, Indonesia (December 2019 to January 2022). We analyzed the effects of immature age and food size on 1) immature’s dietary breadth and diet similarity with mothers, 2) daily proportion of time the immature spent feeding and co-feeding with mothers, and 3) responsibility for maintaining close proximity to mothers during feeding, using the Hinde index. Immature dietary breadth increased with age, whereas diet similarity with mothers decreased with age. Daily feeding time increased with age, but this increase was weaker for medium than for small food. Co-feeding time with mothers decreased with age, with a significantly stronger decline for medium than for small food. Although immatures became less responsible for maintaining proximity to mothers during feeding with age, they stayed closer when feeding on large than on small food. Our results showed developmental changes in feeding behavior and suggested maternal influences on information acquisition in wild Javan gibbons, highlighting how social and ecological factors shape feeding development and potential social learning in immature primates. 
651 4 |a Indonesia 
653 |a National parks 
653 |a Food 
653 |a Similarity 
653 |a Data processing 
653 |a Monkeys & apes 
653 |a Maternal behavior 
653 |a Feeding behavior 
653 |a Social development 
653 |a Skills 
653 |a Age 
653 |a Diet 
653 |a Age differences 
653 |a Social behavior 
653 |a Foraging behavior 
653 |a Mothers 
653 |a Offspring 
653 |a Gorillas 
653 |a Ecology 
653 |a Primates 
653 |a Learning 
653 |a Social skills 
653 |a Behavior change 
653 |a Hypotheses 
653 |a Change agents 
653 |a Social discrimination learning 
653 |a Proximity 
653 |a Complexity 
653 |a Social learning 
653 |a Adults 
653 |a Babies 
653 |a Weaning 
653 |a Behavior modification 
653 |a Behavior 
653 |a Environmental aspects 
653 |a Social factors 
653 |a Social 
653 |a Hylobates moloch 
700 1 |a Oktaviani, Rahayu  |u Yayasan Konservasi Ekosistem Alam Nusantara (KIARA), Bogor, Indonesia (GRID:grid.7400.3) 
700 1 |a Yi, Yoonjung  |u Ewha Womans University, Division of EcoScience, Seoul, South Korea (GRID:grid.255649.9) (ISNI:0000 0001 2171 7754); University of Bristol, School of Biological Sciences, Life Sciences Building, Bristol, UK (GRID:grid.5337.2) (ISNI:0000 0004 1936 7603) 
700 1 |a Choi, Ahyun  |u Ewha Womans University, Research Institute of EcoScience, Seoul, South Korea (GRID:grid.255649.9) (ISNI:0000 0001 2171 7754) 
700 1 |a Mardiastuti, Ani  |u IPB University, Department of Forest Resources Conservation and Ecotourism, Faculty of Forestry and Environment, Java, Indonesia (GRID:grid.440754.6) (ISNI:0000 0001 0698 0773) 
700 1 |a Choe, Jae Chun  |u Ewha Womans University, Division of EcoScience, Seoul, South Korea (GRID:grid.255649.9) (ISNI:0000 0001 2171 7754) 
773 0 |t International Journal of Primatology  |g vol. 46, no. 3 (Jun 2025), p. 684 
786 0 |d ProQuest  |t Psychology Collection 
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