Improving customs clearance bottleneck in the Chinese B2C import cross-border e-commerce: extending sampling methods by two stages

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Publicado en:Humanities & Social Sciences Communications vol. 12, no. 1 (Dec 2025), p. 1001
Autor principal: Zhao, Yi
Otros Autores: Kim, ThaiYoung, Hwang, Beom-Seuk
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Springer Nature B.V.
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Acceso en línea:Citation/Abstract
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024 7 |a 10.1057/s41599-025-05261-5  |2 doi 
035 |a 3227188974 
045 2 |b d20251201  |b d20251231 
100 1 |a Zhao, Yi  |u Chung-Ang University, Department of International Logistics, Seoul, South Korea (GRID:grid.254224.7) (ISNI:0000 0001 0789 9563) 
245 1 |a Improving customs clearance bottleneck in the Chinese B2C import cross-border e-commerce: extending sampling methods by two stages 
260 |b Springer Nature B.V.  |c Dec 2025 
513 |a Journal Article 
520 3 |a The rapid growth of cross-border e-commerce poses significant challenges to the labour-intensive customs clearance process. Physical inspection of contents remains a compulsory burden in the customs clearance process, even for modern customs clearance centres. This research aims to identify a sampling method for a global solution that satisfies stakeholders’ interests in cross-border e-commerce in terms of accuracy, promptness, and resilience. To accomplish this, operational data were collected from a customs clearance centre in southern China to perform a realistic simulation. Further, the performance of various sampling methods was simulated based on the current simple random sampling versus various two-stage sampling methods. Pallet handling utilises two-stage sampling methods to enhance efficiency in combination with an informative sample size. Thus, an appropriate two-stage sampling method ensures optimal performance, thereby overcoming the undesirable side effects of the sampling methods. The study found that TSS1 with a sampling probability proportional to pallet size was optimal in satisfying the contradictory interests of the stakeholders. This study provides a toolset to improve the efficiency of customs clearance by applying theoretical sampling techniques to the challenges encountered in customs clearance operations. Thus, it contributes to eliminating bottlenecks in customs clearance centres in countries worldwide, which can lead to the global success of cross-border e-commerce. 
651 4 |a Africa 
651 4 |a China 
651 4 |a Asia 
651 4 |a Europe 
653 |a Pallets 
653 |a Consumers 
653 |a Bar codes 
653 |a Radio frequency identification 
653 |a Supervision 
653 |a Supply chains 
653 |a Blockchain 
653 |a Boxes 
653 |a Electronic commerce 
653 |a Automation 
653 |a Logistics 
653 |a X-rays 
653 |a Efficiency 
653 |a Side effects 
653 |a Simulation 
653 |a Trade 
653 |a Random sampling 
653 |a Resilience 
653 |a Stakeholders 
653 |a Sampling 
653 |a Tariffs 
653 |a Borders 
700 1 |a Kim, ThaiYoung  |u Chung-Ang University, Department of International Logistics, Seoul, South Korea (GRID:grid.254224.7) (ISNI:0000 0001 0789 9563) 
700 1 |a Hwang, Beom-Seuk  |u Chung-Ang University, Department of Applied Statistics, Seoul, South Korea (GRID:grid.254224.7) (ISNI:0000 0001 0789 9563) 
773 0 |t Humanities & Social Sciences Communications  |g vol. 12, no. 1 (Dec 2025), p. 1001 
786 0 |d ProQuest  |t Social Science Database 
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