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Morphofunctional characteristics and differences of student-athletes participating in team and cyclic sports

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Yayımlandı:Journal of Physical Education and Sport vol. 25, no. 6 (Jun 2025), p. 1189-1198
Yazar: Bocharin, Ivan
Diğer Yazarlar: Eshiev, Asylbek, Kazymov, Maksut, Dzhooshbekova, Zinagul, Limarenko, Olga, Guryanov, Maxim, Vorozheikin, Anton, Merkeeva, Ekaterina, Faleeva, Elena, Romanova, Svetlana, Romanova, Elena, Bakayev, Vladislav, Pakhodnya, Mikhail, Hasoon, Alshuwaili
Baskı/Yayın Bilgisi:
Universitatea din Pitesti
Konular:
Russia
Physiology
Exercise
Accuracy
Basketball
Muscle strength
Body mass index
Diagnostic tests
Orienteering
Data processing
Student athletes
Anthropometry
Cardiovascular system
Respiration
Track & field
Lungs
Football
Respiratory system
Teams
Medical research
Methods
Body composition
Cluster analysis
Physical education
Heart rate
Performance evaluation
Athletic performance
Multivariate Analysis
High Achievement
Indexes
Student Characteristics
Physical Activities
Physical Fitness
Individualized Programs
Anatomy
Medical Evaluation
Track and Field
Body Weight
Scientific Research
Scientific Concepts
Team Sports
Research Tools
Learner Engagement
Muscular Strength
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Özet:The study of using a wide range of diagnostic procedures, combined with a scientific approach to interpreting morphofunctional data, remains relevant for developing programs that support health and improve athletic performance. Purpose: To optimize training sessions for student-athletes in team and cyclic sports, analyze the characteristics and relationships of morphofunctional indicators. Material and methods: The experiment involved 30 student-athletes, divided into three groups: mini-football, basketball, and cyclic sports (swimming, orienteering, track and field). Monitoring parameters included body length, body weight, and body mass index (BMI). Muscle strength was assessed using an electronic wrist dynamometer, while the accuracy of muscle efforts was determined through a calculation method. Autonomic balance was evaluated using a sphygmogram along with time and spectral analyses of heart rate variability (HRV). Respiratory function was examined through a spirometric test using a pneumotachometric sensor. Results: Students engaged in swimming, orienteering, and track and field exhibit higher BMI values. All participants demonstrate high levels of hand strength, neuromuscular function, and neural coordination, as indicated by dynamometry data. In student football players, a reduction in the adaptive reserves of the cardiovascular system is observed, characterized by a moderate predominance of central heart rate regulation and decreased activity of the parasympathetic regulatory pathway. Participants involved in basketball show a decline in the functional state of the respiratory system. Cluster analysis using the hierarchical clustering method reveals a strong association primarily between BMI, HRV indicators, and external respiratory parameters. Conclusions: A direct relationship has been identified between excess body weight and impaired autonomic regulation, along with an inverse relationship with respiratory function volume. These findings highlight the importance of considering BMI in the development of health and preventive programs for student-athletes.
ISSN:2247-8051
2247-806X
DOI:10.7752/jpes.2025.06132
Kaynak:Consumer Health Database