A Thermal Imaging Camera as a Diagnostic Tool to Study the Effects of Occlusal Splints on the Elimination of Masticatory Muscle Tension

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Dentistry Journal vol. 13, no. 7 (2025), p. 313-328
Main Author: Lietz-Kijak Danuta
Other Authors: Garstka, Adam Andrzej, Szczucka Lidia, Ardan Roman, Brzózka-Garstka Monika, Skomro Piotr, D’Arcangelo Camillo
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MDPI AG
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100 1 |a Lietz-Kijak Danuta  |u Department of Propaedeutic, Physical Diagnostics and Dental Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-204 Szczecin, Poland; danuta.lietzkijak@gmail.com (D.L.-K.); adamgarstka87@gmail.com (A.A.G.); lkozlowska@op.pl (L.S.) 
245 1 |a A Thermal Imaging Camera as a Diagnostic Tool to Study the Effects of Occlusal Splints on the Elimination of Masticatory Muscle Tension 
260 |b MDPI AG  |c 2025 
513 |a Journal Article 
520 3 |a Medical Infrared Thermography (MIT) is a safe, non-invasive technique for assessing temperature changes on the skin’s surface that may reflect pathological processes in the underlying tissues. In temporomandibular joint disorders (TMDs), which are often associated with reduced mobility and muscle overactivity, tissue metabolism and blood flow may be diminished, resulting in localized hypothermia. Aim: The purpose of this study was to evaluate muscle tone in the masseter, suprahyoid, and sternocleidomastoid muscles following the application of two types of occlusal splints, a Michigan splint and a double repositioning splint, based on temperature changes recorded using a Fluke Ti401 PRO thermal imaging camera. Materials and Methods: Sixty dental students diagnosed with TMDs were enrolled in this study. After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, participants were randomly assigned to one of two groups. Group M received a Michigan splint, while group D was treated with a double repositioning splint. Results: The type of occlusal splint influenced both temperature distribution and muscle tone. In the double repositioning splint group, temperature decreased by approximately 0.8 °C between T1 and T3, whereas in the Michigan splint group, temperature increased by approximately 0.7 °C over the same period. Conclusions: Occlusal splint design has a measurable impact on temperature distribution and muscle activity. The double repositioning splint appears to be more effective in promoting short-term muscle relaxation and may provide relief for patients experiencing muscular or myofascial TMD symptoms. 
651 4 |a Michigan 
651 4 |a United States--US 
653 |a Temperature distribution 
653 |a Accuracy 
653 |a Blood flow 
653 |a Muscles 
653 |a Thermography 
653 |a Cameras 
653 |a Medical imaging 
653 |a Thermal imaging 
653 |a Electromyography 
653 |a Splints 
653 |a Heat detection 
653 |a Infrared imaging 
653 |a Temporomandibular joint disorders 
653 |a Mastication 
653 |a Hypotheses 
653 |a Temperature 
653 |a Hypothermia 
653 |a Muscle contraction 
653 |a Dentistry 
653 |a Muscle function 
653 |a Biomechanics 
700 1 |a Garstka, Adam Andrzej  |u Department of Propaedeutic, Physical Diagnostics and Dental Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-204 Szczecin, Poland; danuta.lietzkijak@gmail.com (D.L.-K.); adamgarstka87@gmail.com (A.A.G.); lkozlowska@op.pl (L.S.) 
700 1 |a Szczucka Lidia  |u Department of Propaedeutic, Physical Diagnostics and Dental Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-204 Szczecin, Poland; danuta.lietzkijak@gmail.com (D.L.-K.); adamgarstka87@gmail.com (A.A.G.); lkozlowska@op.pl (L.S.) 
700 1 |a Ardan Roman  |u Department of Economics, Faculty of Economic Sciences, Koszalin University of Technology, 75-343 Koszalin, Poland; rardan@interia.pl 
700 1 |a Brzózka-Garstka Monika  |u Department of Physiotherapy, University of Physical Education, 61-871 Poznań, Poland; on.brzozka@gmail.com 
700 1 |a Skomro Piotr  |u Department of Propaedeutic, Physical Diagnostics and Dental Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-204 Szczecin, Poland; danuta.lietzkijak@gmail.com (D.L.-K.); adamgarstka87@gmail.com (A.A.G.); lkozlowska@op.pl (L.S.) 
700 1 |a D’Arcangelo Camillo  |u Reparto di Odontoiatria Restaurativa e Endodonzia, Università Degli Studi “G. D’Annunzio”, 66100 Chieti, Italy; camillo.darcangelo@gmail.com 
773 0 |t Dentistry Journal  |g vol. 13, no. 7 (2025), p. 313-328 
786 0 |d ProQuest  |t Health & Medical Collection 
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