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Toxicological Risk Assessment and Source Identification of Groundwater Pollution: A Case of Sheep Herd Damage in a Pastoral Area

Gorde:
Argitaratua izan da:Environments vol. 12, no. 7 (2025), p. 240-256
Egile nagusia: Wang, Wei
Beste egile batzuk: Cheng Honger, Yang Yuewei, Su Jianjun, Sun Jialu, Li, Xiaojing, Zhao, Qian
Argitaratua:
MDPI AG
Gaiak:
United States > US
China
Mongolia
Beijing China
Magnesium
Groundwater flow
Livestock
Identification methods
Carcinogens
Groundwater quality
Damage detection
Sheep
Risk assessment
Animal husbandry
Industrial emissions
Nitrates
Contamination
Nitrogen
Water quality
Industrial parks
Precipitation
Industrial areas
Environmental degradation
Health risk assessment
Multivariate analysis
Risk factors
Statistical methods
Multivariate statistical analysis
Manganese
Cluster analysis
Pollution sources
Health risks
Statistics
Total dissolved solids
Pollutants
Forensic science
Quality control
Drinking water
Statistical analysis
Groundwater pollution
Fluorides
Emissions
Ammonia
Dissolved solids
Rain
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Laburpena:Improper emissions from industrial activities pose toxicological risks to groundwater safety. Based on an environmental forensic identification case involving livestock (sheep) damage caused by groundwater pollution in a pastoral area, we comprehensively evaluated groundwater quality risks, toxicological risks, and pollution sources using multivariate statistical methods, the Nemerow index method, and a non-carcinogenic health risk model. The potential specific pollutants in the region mainly included calcium, potassium, sodium, magnesium, manganese, fluoride, chloride, sulfate, ammonia nitrogen, total dissolved solids, and nitrate. An evaluation of the groundwater health risk factors showed that fluoride, nitrate, and manganese pose higher health risks (HQ > 1), as fluoride > nitrate > manganese. This suggests that these three pollutants were the primary causes of livestock damage. Identification of pollution sources using multivariate statistical analysis revealed that the main pollutants in the groundwater originate from two rare earth enterprises in the surrounding industrial park, followed by the emissions from animal husbandry. This study provides guidelines into comprehensive regional toxicological risk assessment and source tracing, offering an identification method for similar forensic environmental damage cases.
ISSN:2076-3298
DOI:10.3390/environments12070240
Baliabidea:Publicly Available Content Database