Differences in children’s food and beverage consumption between school and summer: three-year findings from the what’s UP (Undermining Prevention) with summer observational cohort study

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Bibliografiske detaljer
Udgivet i:BMC Public Health vol. 25 (2025), p. 1-12
Hovedforfatter: Beets, Michael W
Andre forfattere: Burkart, Sarah, Pfledderer, Christopher D, Adams, Elizabeth, Weaver, R Glenn, Armstrong, Bridget, Brazendale, Keith, Zhu, Xuanxuan, McLain, Alexander, Turner-McGrievy, Gabrielle, Pate, Russell, Kaczynski, Andrew, Fairchild, Amanda, Saelens, Brian, Parker, Hannah, Yaroch, Amy L
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Springer Nature B.V.
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LEADER 00000nab a2200000uu 4500
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022 |a 1471-2458 
024 7 |a 10.1186/s12889-025-23446-0  |2 doi 
035 |a 3237002337 
045 2 |b d20250101  |b d20251231 
084 |a 58491  |2 nlm 
100 1 |a Beets, Michael W 
245 1 |a Differences in children’s food and beverage consumption between school and summer: three-year findings from the what’s UP (Undermining Prevention) with summer observational cohort study 
260 |b Springer Nature B.V.  |c 2025 
513 |a Journal Article 
520 3 |a BackgroundSummer vacation is a time when youth gain excessive weight. A key driver of unhealthy weight gain is poor dietary quality. The absence of consistent structure (e.g., school), is hypothesized to be one of the reasons for lower diet quality during summer. This study examined differences in school and summer dietary quality among a diverse cohort of children across three years. We also examined the impact of attending structured programs on children’s diets.MethodsParents of 1,032 children (age 5–14 years, 48% girls) completed a time use diary each day for 14-days during school (April/May) and again in summer (July) from 2021 to 2023, for a total of 6 timepoints. The daily diary collected information on the child’s location and dietary intake for that day. Mixed-effects models examined the odds (OR) of consuming a food/beverage (e.g., fruit, vegetable, soda, salty snacks) on a given day during school vs. summer, overall and by income. Models also examined the impact of attending structured programming during summer (e.g., summer day camp) on the likelihood of consumption.ResultsA total of 39,983 time use diaries were completed. Overall, children were less likely to consume fruit, vegetables, milk, 100% juice, and salty snacks (OR range 0.63 to 0.87), and they were more likely to consume non-carbonated sweetened beverages, soda, frozen desserts, and fast food (OR range 1.17 to 1.63) during the summer compared to school. On summer days with structured programming, children were more likely to consume fruits, vegetables, milk, salty snacks, sweetened beverages (OR range 1.13 to 1.45), and they were less likely to consume frozen desserts, fast food, and soda (OR range 0.63 to 0.90). Few differences were observed between income groups.ConclusionsChildren were less likely to report consumption of healthier foods/beverages and more likely to report consumption of unhealthier foods/beverages during summer compared to school. Attending structured programming during summer is associated with improved diet– suggesting such settings have potential to modify dietary intake. 
651 4 |a United States--US 
653 |a Parents & parenting 
653 |a Beverages 
653 |a Students 
653 |a Carbonation 
653 |a Diet 
653 |a Food consumption 
653 |a Demographics 
653 |a Fruits 
653 |a Vegetables 
653 |a Nutrition research 
653 |a Food intake 
653 |a Youth 
653 |a Diaries 
653 |a Frozen food 
653 |a Children 
653 |a Body weight gain 
653 |a Desserts 
653 |a Fast food 
653 |a Fruit juices 
653 |a Consent 
653 |a Dietary intake 
653 |a Structured programming 
653 |a Time use 
653 |a Elementary schools 
653 |a Summer 
653 |a Data collection 
653 |a Snack foods 
653 |a Milk 
653 |a Meals 
653 |a Children & youth 
653 |a Family income 
653 |a Households 
653 |a Observational studies 
653 |a Social 
700 1 |a Burkart, Sarah 
700 1 |a Pfledderer, Christopher D 
700 1 |a Adams, Elizabeth 
700 1 |a Weaver, R Glenn 
700 1 |a Armstrong, Bridget 
700 1 |a Brazendale, Keith 
700 1 |a Zhu, Xuanxuan 
700 1 |a McLain, Alexander 
700 1 |a Turner-McGrievy, Gabrielle 
700 1 |a Pate, Russell 
700 1 |a Kaczynski, Andrew 
700 1 |a Fairchild, Amanda 
700 1 |a Saelens, Brian 
700 1 |a Parker, Hannah 
700 1 |a Yaroch, Amy L 
773 0 |t BMC Public Health  |g vol. 25 (2025), p. 1-12 
786 0 |d ProQuest  |t Health & Medical Collection 
856 4 1 |3 Citation/Abstract  |u https://www.proquest.com/docview/3237002337/abstract/embedded/6A8EOT78XXH2IG52?source=fedsrch 
856 4 0 |3 Full Text  |u https://www.proquest.com/docview/3237002337/fulltext/embedded/6A8EOT78XXH2IG52?source=fedsrch 
856 4 0 |3 Full Text - PDF  |u https://www.proquest.com/docview/3237002337/fulltextPDF/embedded/6A8EOT78XXH2IG52?source=fedsrch