AI or nay? Evaluating the potential use of ChatGPT (Open AI) and Perplexity AI in undergraduate nursing research: An exploratory case study

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Xehetasun bibliografikoak
Argitaratua izan da:	Nurse Education in Practice vol. 87 (Aug 2025), p. 104488-104499
Egile nagusia:	Ng, Jamie Qiao Xin
Beste egile batzuk:	Chua, Joelle Yan Xin, Choolani, Mahesh, Li, Sarah W.L., Foo, Lin, Pereira, Travis Lanz-Brian, Shorey, Shefaly
Argitaratua:	Elsevier Limited
Gaiak:	OpenAI Students Blooms taxonomy Evidence-based practice Cognitive ability Performance evaluation Chatbots Cognition & reasoning Medical education Validity Classification Hypotheses Teaching Critical thinking Learning Nursing education Nursing Answers Case studies Skills Research methodology Artificial intelligence Evidence-based nursing Large language models Literacy College students Research Student attitudes Questions Human-computer interaction Nurses Academic achievement Concepts Learning outcomes Language modeling Researchers Nursing Research Taxonomy Thinking Skills Evidence Based Practice Evaluative Thinking Content Validity Undergraduate Students Research Skills Outcomes of Treatment Interrater Reliability Learning Experience Nursing Students Reference Materials Feedback (Response) Outcomes of Education
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Deskribapena
Laburpena:	Aims This study aimed to evaluate the performance of publicly available large language models (LLMs), ChatGPT-4o, ChatGPT-4o Mini and Perplexity AI, in responding to research-related questions at the undergraduate nursing level. The evaluation was conducted across different platforms and prompt structures. The research questions were categorized according to Bloom’s taxonomy, to compare the quality of AI-generated responses across cognitive levels. Additionally, the study explored the perspectives of research members on using AI tools in teaching foundational research concepts to undergraduate nursing students. Background Large Language Models (LLMs) could help nursing students learn foundational research concepts but their performance in answering research-related questions has not been explored. Design An exploratory case study was conducted to evaluate the performance of ChatGPT-4o, ChatGPT-4o Mini and Perplexity AI in answering 41 research-related questions. Methods Three different prompts (Prompt-1: Unstructured with no context; Prompt-2: Structured from professor’s perspective; Prompt-3: Structured from student’s perspective) were tested. A 5-point Likert-type valid author-developed scale was used to assess all AI-generated responses across six domains: Accuracy, Relevance, Clarity & Structure, Examples Provided, Critical Thinking and Referencing. Results All three AI models generated higher-quality responses when structured prompts were used compared with unstructured prompts and responded well across the different Bloom’s taxonomy levels. ChatGPT-4o and ChatGPT-4o Mini performed better at answering research-related questions than Perplexity AI. Conclusion AI models hold promise as supplementary tools for enhancing undergraduate nursing students’ understanding of foundational research concepts. Further studies are warranted to evaluate their impact on specific research-related learning outcomes within nursing education.
ISSN:	1471-5953 1873-5223
DOI:	10.1016/j.nepr.2025.104488
Baliabidea:	Sociology Database