Computational identification of aspartic protease inhibitors for antimalarial drug development against Plasmodium Vivax

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Argitaratua izan da:Scientific Reports (Nature Publisher Group) vol. 15, no. 1 (2025), p. 14824-14844
Egile nagusia: Alruwaili, Muharib
Beste egile batzuk: Alhassan, Hassan H., Almutary, Hayfa, Tahir ul Qamar, Muhammad
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Nature Publishing Group
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022 |a 2045-2322 
024 7 |a 10.1038/s41598-025-98516-9  |2 doi 
035 |a 3246376249 
045 2 |b d20250101  |b d20251231 
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100 1 |a Alruwaili, Muharib  |u Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, 72388, Sakaka, Al-Jouf, Saudi Arabia (ROR: https://ror.org/02zsyt821) (GRID: grid.440748.b) (ISNI: 0000 0004 1756 6705) 
245 1 |a Computational identification of aspartic protease inhibitors for antimalarial drug development against <i>Plasmodium Vivax</i> 
260 |b Nature Publishing Group  |c 2025 
513 |a Journal Article 
520 3 |a Malaria is a parasitic disease that has caused suffering to humans since ancient times and remains a major public health concern in tropical and subtropical regions.The development of novel antimalarials therefore becomes of utmost importance by targeting aspartic protease. The computational study utilized a molecular docking approach to identify hit compounds. In this study a molecular docking approach was employed to identify potential hit compounds. The molecular docking analysis yielded three hit compounds CMNPD229, ZINC000000018635, and ZINC000005425464 along with the reference drug chloroquine, with binding energy scores of -8.1&#xa0;kcal/mol, -8.0&#xa0;kcal/mol, -7.8&#xa0;kcal/mol, and − 6.8&#xa0;kcal/mol, respectively. Subsequently density function theory (DFT) was performed. Afterward, the protein-ligand (PL) complexes were subjected to molecular dynamic simulation (MDS) to identify the stability and rigidity of the complexes in a fleeting and dynamic setting. The complex CMNPD229 exhibited good stability followed by ZINC000000018635, ZINC000005425464, and the Control. The compounds showed good MM-PBSA/GBSA, WaterSwap, and entropy energy values. The calculated MM-PBSA/GBSA binding free energy scores were − 120.78&#xa0;kcal/mol, -107.16&#xa0;kcal/mol, -91.00&#xa0;kcal/mol, and − 97.49&#xa0;kcal/mol for CMNPD229, ZINC000000018635, ZINC000005425464, and the reference drug, respectively.Additionally, salt bridge analysis and secondary structure evaluation revealed that CMNPD229 formed the highest number of interactions (Glu290-Arg23 and Glu305-Lys306), indicating its stability as a potential drug candidate. This study suggests that CMNPD229 holds promise as a potent antimalarial drug by effectively inhibiting Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax aspartic proteases. 
653 |a Infections 
653 |a Software 
653 |a Public health 
653 |a Antiparasitic agents 
653 |a Parasitic diseases 
653 |a Secondary structure 
653 |a Optimization 
653 |a Hydrogen 
653 |a Proteinase inhibitors 
653 |a Drug development 
653 |a Proteases 
653 |a Computer applications 
653 |a Energy 
653 |a Metabolism 
653 |a Systems stability 
653 |a Chloroquine 
653 |a Protease inhibitors 
653 |a Drug resistance 
653 |a Malaria 
653 |a Proteins 
653 |a Simulation 
653 |a Aspartic endopeptidase 
653 |a Antimalarial agents 
653 |a Parasites 
653 |a Clinical trials 
653 |a Free energy 
653 |a Pharmacokinetics 
653 |a Ligands 
653 |a Protein structure 
653 |a Vector-borne diseases 
653 |a Natural products 
653 |a Rigidity 
653 |a Social 
700 1 |a Alhassan, Hassan H.  |u Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, 72388, Sakaka, Al-Jouf, Saudi Arabia (ROR: https://ror.org/02zsyt821) (GRID: grid.440748.b) (ISNI: 0000 0004 1756 6705) 
700 1 |a Almutary, Hayfa  |u Medical Surgical Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (ROR: https://ror.org/02ma4wv74) (GRID: grid.412125.1) (ISNI: 0000 0001 0619 1117) 
700 1 |a Tahir ul Qamar, Muhammad  |u Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University Faisalabad (GCUF), 38000, Faisalabad, Pakistan (ROR: https://ror.org/051zgra59) (GRID: grid.411786.d) (ISNI: 0000 0004 0637 891X) 
773 0 |t Scientific Reports (Nature Publisher Group)  |g vol. 15, no. 1 (2025), p. 14824-14844 
786 0 |d ProQuest  |t Science Database 
856 4 1 |3 Citation/Abstract  |u https://www.proquest.com/docview/3246376249/abstract/embedded/L8HZQI7Z43R0LA5T?source=fedsrch 
856 4 0 |3 Full Text  |u https://www.proquest.com/docview/3246376249/fulltext/embedded/L8HZQI7Z43R0LA5T?source=fedsrch 
856 4 0 |3 Full Text - PDF  |u https://www.proquest.com/docview/3246376249/fulltextPDF/embedded/L8HZQI7Z43R0LA5T?source=fedsrch