How Climate Ambition and Technology Choices Shape Water Use in the Power Generation Sector

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Bibliografische gegevens
Gepubliceerd in:Climate vol. 13, no. 9 (2025), p. 174-193
Hoofdauteur: Fragkos Panagiotis
Andere auteurs: Zisarou Eleftheria, Govorukha Kristina
Gepubliceerd in:
MDPI AG
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022 |a 2225-1154 
024 7 |a 10.3390/cli13090174  |2 doi 
035 |a 3254479404 
045 2 |b d20250101  |b d20251231 
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100 1 |a Fragkos Panagiotis 
245 1 |a How Climate Ambition and Technology Choices Shape Water Use in the Power Generation Sector 
260 |b MDPI AG  |c 2025 
513 |a Journal Article 
520 3 |a The power generation sector is a major contributor to global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and a significant consumer of freshwater, due to the extensive water use in cooling processes of thermoelectric power plants. While net-zero strategies increasingly focus on eliminating emissions to mitigate climate change, the critical role of water as a key sustainability resource remains underexplored and often underrepresented in mitigation scenarios, strategies, and policy frameworks. This study examines the impact of power sector decarbonization on global and regional electricity-related water demand under two climate ambition scenarios: continuation of current climate policies (CP) and a net-zero emission (NZ) scenario where countries implement their net-zero pledges by 2050 or later. Using the PROMETHEUS energy system model, we quantify how different climate ambitions could affect global and regional water demand, considering different levels of cooling technology evolution. Results show that water demand is not only driven by how much energy is produced but by the technology mix used to generate electricity. The findings highlight the significant co-benefits of power sector decarbonization for reducing water needs and ensuring freshwater resource sustainability, underscoring the importance of integrating water management into climate policy frameworks. This integrated perspective is critical for policymakers, energy system planners, and water resource managers aiming to balance ambitious climate goals with sustainable water use amid growing climate and resource challenges. 
651 4 |a China 
651 4 |a India 
653 |a Sustainability 
653 |a Power plants 
653 |a Water shortages 
653 |a Inland water environment 
653 |a Water 
653 |a Greenhouse gases 
653 |a Water use 
653 |a Water management 
653 |a Energy transition 
653 |a Electricity 
653 |a Energy consumption 
653 |a Climate change 
653 |a Industrial plant emissions 
653 |a Technology 
653 |a Climate change mitigation 
653 |a Energy prices 
653 |a Sustainable use 
653 |a Water resources management 
653 |a Water demand 
653 |a Cooling 
653 |a Climate policy 
653 |a Carbon 
653 |a Electricity generation 
653 |a Electric industries 
653 |a Regions 
653 |a Energy 
653 |a Water resources 
653 |a Ponds 
653 |a Decarbonization 
653 |a Alternative energy sources 
653 |a Freshwater resources 
653 |a Net zero 
653 |a Emissions 
653 |a Energy demand 
653 |a Environmental policy 
653 |a Electric power generation 
653 |a Climate models 
653 |a Freshwater 
653 |a Energy efficiency 
653 |a Emission standards 
700 1 |a Zisarou Eleftheria 
700 1 |a Govorukha Kristina 
773 0 |t Climate  |g vol. 13, no. 9 (2025), p. 174-193 
786 0 |d ProQuest  |t Publicly Available Content Database 
856 4 1 |3 Citation/Abstract  |u https://www.proquest.com/docview/3254479404/abstract/embedded/7BTGNMKEMPT1V9Z2?source=fedsrch 
856 4 0 |3 Full Text + Graphics  |u https://www.proquest.com/docview/3254479404/fulltextwithgraphics/embedded/7BTGNMKEMPT1V9Z2?source=fedsrch 
856 4 0 |3 Full Text - PDF  |u https://www.proquest.com/docview/3254479404/fulltextPDF/embedded/7BTGNMKEMPT1V9Z2?source=fedsrch