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Ultrasound-Assisted Urea-Water Solution (AdBlue) Droplets Vaporization: A Mathematical Model for Film and Volumetric Regimes with Implications in NOx Emission Control

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Publicado en:Micromachines vol. 16, no. 9 (2025), p. 996-1017
Autor principal: Picus, Claudiu Marian
Otros Autores: Mihai Ioan, Suciu Cornel
Publicado:
MDPI AG
Materias:
Diesel engines
Magnetostriction
Mathematical models
Chemical reduction
Vaporization
Chemical reactions
Urea
Cavitation
Influence
Droplets
Emissions control
Efficiency
Nitrogen
Heat transfer
Research methodology
Mass transfer
Gases
Temperature
Heating
Impact analysis
Atomizing
Acoustics
Selective catalytic reduction
Ultrasonic imaging
Acceso en línea:Citation/Abstract
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Resumen:The vaporization of urea–water solution (AdBlue) plays a critical role in the performance of selective catalytic reduction (SCR) systems for modern diesel engines. This study presents mathematical models describing the vaporization of AdBlue droplets under ultrasonic excitation generated by a magnetostrictive effect, focusing on both film and volumetric regimes. The models rigorously incorporate heat and mass transfer equations, including acoustic cavitation effects induced by ultrasound. The influence of magnetostrictive-induced atomization and combined inductive preheating on droplet detachment and SCR catalyst efficiency was analyzed. Additionally, the impact of ultrasound frequency and amplitude on thermal vaporization efficiency and reactive mixture formation was investigated with the aim of enhancing NOx emission reduction. Model validation against literature data confirmed the practical applicability of the proposed approach, offering valuable insights for optimizing ultrasound-assisted AdBlue injection systems.
ISSN:2072-666X
DOI:10.3390/mi16090996
Fuente:Engineering Database