OptSmart: a space efficient Optimistic concurrent execution of Smart contracts
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| Pubblicato in: | Distributed and Parallel Databases vol. 42, no. 2 (Jun 2024), p. 245 |
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| Autore principale: | |
| Altri autori: | , , , |
| Pubblicazione: |
Springer Nature B.V.
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| Accesso online: | Citation/Abstract Full Text Full Text - PDF |
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| Abstract: | Popular blockchains such as Ethereum and several others execute complex transactions in the block through user-defined scripts known as smart contracts. Serial execution of smart contract transactions/atomic units (AUs) fails to harness the multiprocessing power offered by the prevalence of multi-core processors. By adding concurrency to the execution of AUs, we can achieve better efficiency and higher throughput. In this paper, we develop a concurrent miner that proposes a block by executing AUs concurrently using optimistic Software Transactional Memory systems (STMs). It efficiently captures independent AUs in the concurrent bin and dependent AUs in the block graph (BG). Later, we propose a concurrent validator that re-executes the same AUs concurrently and deterministically using the concurrent bin followed by the BG given by the miner to verify the block. We rigorously prove the correctness of concurrent execution of AUs. The performance benchmark shows that the average speedup for the optimized concurrent miner is 5.21×<inline-graphic specific-use="web" mime-subtype="GIF" xlink:href="10619_2022_7412_Article_IEq1.gif" />, while the maximum is 14.96×<inline-graphic specific-use="web" mime-subtype="GIF" xlink:href="10619_2022_7412_Article_IEq2.gif" /> over the serial miner. The optimized validator obtains an average speedup of 8.61×<inline-graphic specific-use="web" mime-subtype="GIF" xlink:href="10619_2022_7412_Article_IEq3.gif" /> to a maximum of 14.65×<inline-graphic specific-use="web" mime-subtype="GIF" xlink:href="10619_2022_7412_Article_IEq4.gif" /> over the serial validator. The proposed miner outperforms 1.02×<inline-graphic specific-use="web" mime-subtype="GIF" xlink:href="10619_2022_7412_Article_IEq5.gif" /> to 1.18×<inline-graphic specific-use="web" mime-subtype="GIF" xlink:href="10619_2022_7412_Article_IEq6.gif" />, while the proposed validator outperforms 1×<inline-graphic specific-use="web" mime-subtype="GIF" xlink:href="10619_2022_7412_Article_IEq7.gif" /> to 4.46×<inline-graphic specific-use="web" mime-subtype="GIF" xlink:href="10619_2022_7412_Article_IEq8.gif" /> over state-of-the-art concurrent miners and validators, respectively. Moreover, the proposed efficient BG saves an average of 2.29×<inline-graphic specific-use="web" mime-subtype="GIF" xlink:href="10619_2022_7412_Article_IEq9.gif" /> more block space when compared with the state-of-the-art. |
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| ISSN: | 0926-8782 1573-7578 |
| DOI: | 10.1007/s10619-022-07412-y |
| Fonte: | Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Database |