Modernism and the Swimsuit: An Investigation Into the Aesthetic, Social and Material Properties of the Interwar Knitted Swimsuit

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Опубликовано в::PQDT - Global (2025)
Главный автор: Brook, Pamela A.
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100 1 |a Brook, Pamela A. 
245 1 |a Modernism and the Swimsuit: An Investigation Into the Aesthetic, Social and Material Properties of the Interwar Knitted Swimsuit 
260 |b ProQuest Dissertations & Theses  |c 2025 
513 |a Dissertation/Thesis 
520 3 |a This thesis examines the interwar knitted woollen swimsuit, an extant garment that is a significant piece of material culture. Between 1930 and 1939; 180 outdoor swimming pools and lidos were built in the UK. Swimming became a ‘democratic exercise’ a means of keeping fit and healthy. The aesthetics of modernism evident in the architecture of the lidos demanded purity of form in both building and body. The swimsuit highlighted the uneven class landscape in which those ideals of ‘democracy’ and ‘pure form’ played out. Anecdotal evidence and surveyed literature indicated that home knitted swimsuits sagged. An experiment was conducted to ascertain the material differential between manufactured and home-made swimsuits when tested in water. Archival research enabled the recreation of an expensive manufactured swimsuit and home-made ones from 1930s knitting patterns. The recreations were used to test the performative qualities of both when swum in. Narrative accounts from the swimmers, their embodiment of the garment and the re-enactment proved to be essential in determining class differential in the swimsuit.The experiment revealed a material referent for the fact that claims for democracy in swimming were undermined by saggy home-knitted swimwear. Modesty, reliability and body-confidence were evidently only available to those who could afford a manufactured swimsuit.Archival research into company advertising and women’s magazines demonstrated that the bid to achieve the most glamourous figure-fit swimsuit was ongoing during the interwar period. The garment as material, as image (in both promotional material, documentary photography and memory) and in relation to the materials and surfaces of both the wearing body and the environments in which it was worn are central to the thesis.The study took a multi-method approach, consisting of interviews, archival research, re-creation and re-enactment. It drew on fashion and textile history and theory, and social, philosophical, and political theory. The findings offer a different approach to garment study. Links have been made between the swimsuit and interwar healthy body culture but this thesis firmly locates the garment in ideas about hygiene, class, eugenics and the perfected body.The thesis also explores the connections made through the metonymic meanings of surfaces such as purity and impermeability in concrete, chrome and the swimsuit as a second skin. The study finally considers the aspirations of interwar ideas about glamour in both body and building and the reality of maintaining these in daily life and for posterity. 
653 |a Exercise 
653 |a Womens health 
653 |a Physical fitness 
653 |a Photographs 
653 |a Culture 
653 |a Productivity 
653 |a Architecture 
653 |a Costumes 
653 |a 20th century 
653 |a Hygiene 
653 |a Health care 
653 |a Machinery 
653 |a Androgyny 
653 |a Art galleries & museums 
653 |a Genetic engineering 
653 |a Clothing 
653 |a Design 
653 |a Modernism 
653 |a Health services 
773 0 |t PQDT - Global  |g (2025) 
786 0 |d ProQuest  |t ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global 
856 4 1 |3 Citation/Abstract  |u https://www.proquest.com/docview/3264215449/abstract/embedded/IZYTEZ3DIR4FRXA2?source=fedsrch 
856 4 0 |3 Full Text - PDF  |u https://www.proquest.com/docview/3264215449/fulltextPDF/embedded/IZYTEZ3DIR4FRXA2?source=fedsrch 
856 4 0 |3 Full text outside of ProQuest  |u https://irep.ntu.ac.uk/id/eprint/53939/