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Cyber‐Physical Vulnerabilities of Wireless Sensor Networks in the Oil and Gas Industry: A Literature Review

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Wydane w:The Journal of Engineering vol. 2025, no. 1 (Jan/Dec 2025)
1. autor: Sayghe, Ali
Wydane:
John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Hasła przedmiotowe:
United States > US
Data integrity
Refineries
Control algorithms
Spoofing
Infrastructure
Energy industry
Communication
Malware
Sensors
Wireless sensor networks
Leaks
Controllers
Emergency response
Distributed control systems
Gas leaks
Automation
Integrity
Cybersecurity
Security systems
Ransomware
Pipelines
Intrusion detection systems
Literature reviews
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Streszczenie:ABSTRACT Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) drive modern oil and gas industry operations through their ability to monitor environments as well as inspect equipment in real‐time and track leaks. WSNs provide their users with considerable cost benefits and operational flexibility together with excellent scalability capabilities. WSNs' wireless setup combined with their operation in distant hostile territories creates fundamental exposure to multiple cybersecurity dangers and physical threats in the environment. This review investigates all critical security risks facing WSN networks as they operate within the petroleum industry. The paper examines primary strike methods while discussing both malicious software insertions and destructive infrastructure tampering activities. The analysis connects each threat to its potential impact on data integrity, system availability, and operational safety. This analysis shows how these weaknesses can harm important oil and gas facilities by leading to issues like leaks, wrong incident reports, shutdowns, and bad decisions due to incorrect sensor data. The review examines advanced cybersecurity measures including lightweight encryption protocols, intrusion detection systems, and compliance with ISA/IEC 62443 and NIST SP 800‐82 standards. Among identified threats, data integrity attacks through spoofing and packet injection, and denial‐of‐service attacks pose the highest priority risks to operational safety, potentially causing delayed emergency responses and disabled safety monitoring systems. The paper also addresses practical implementation challenges including resource constraints of battery‐powered nodes and legacy system integration barriers.
ISSN:2051-3305
DOI:10.1049/tje2.70142
Źródło:Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Database