A hybrid spiking neural network - quantum framework for spatio-temporal data classification: a case study on EEG data
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| Publicat a: | EPJ Quantum Technology vol. 12, no. 1 (Dec 2025), p. 130 |
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| Autor principal: | |
| Altres autors: | , , , |
| Publicat: |
Springer Nature B.V.
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| Matèries: | |
| Accés en línia: | Citation/Abstract Full Text Full Text - PDF |
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| Resum: | The study introduces a hybrid computational framework that combines neuro-inspired information processing using spiking neural networks (SNNs) and quantum information processing using quantum kernels to develop quantum-enhanced machine learning models for spatio-temporal data, demonstrated through the classification of EEG data as a case study. In the proposed SNN-quantum computation (SNN-QC) framework, SNN with spike time information representation is employed to learn spatio-temporal interactions (EEG recorded from multiple channels over time). Frequency-based (rate-based) information as spike frequency state vectors are extracted from the SNN and classified using a quantum classifier. In the latter part, we use the quantum kernel approach utilising feature maps for classification tasks. The proposed SNN-QC is demonstrated on a benchmark EEG dataset to classify three distinct wrist movement tasks in six binary classification setups as a proof of concept. We introduce a novel high-order nonlinear feature map that demonstrates improved performance over state-of-the-art feature maps and several machine learning methods across most of the tasks studied. Furthermore, the role of hyperparameters for enhanced feature maps is also highlighted. The performance of SNN-QC is evaluated using statistical metrics and cross-validation techniques, demonstrating its efficacy across multiple binary classifiers. Quantum hardware validation is conducted using both a superconducting IBM-QPU and a high-fidelity noisy simulation that replicates a real QPU. Furthermore, the results demonstrate that the SNN-QC outperforms models that use statistical features rather than features extracted from the SNN, as the SNN accounts for the temporal interaction between the spatio-temporal input variables. Finally, we conclude that the SNN-QC offers a potential pathway for developing more accurate neuromorphic-quantum enhanced systems that are both energy-efficient and biologically-inspired, well-suited for dealing with spatio-temporal data. |
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| ISSN: | 2196-0763 |
| DOI: | 10.1140/epjqt/s40507-025-00443-1 |
| Font: | Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Database |