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Same text, different meaning: China’s risk-based approach to data protection

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Xuất bản năm:Humanities & Social Sciences Communications vol. 12, no. 1 (Dec 2025), p. 1821
Tác giả chính: Ding, Xiaodong
Tác giả khác: Huang, Hao, Shi, Zhengyu, Wang, Yeliang
Được phát hành:
Springer Nature B.V.
Những chủ đề:
China
Personal information
Consumer protection
Comparative analysis
Enforcement
Developing countries > LDCs
Privacy
Risk
Information dissemination
Legislation
Decision making
Regulation
Litigation
Data integrity
Data
Cultural factors
International law
Cultural differences
Law
General Data Protection Regulation
Protection
Truy cập trực tuyến:Citation/Abstract
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Bài tóm tắt:This article analyzes the divergence between China’s Personal Information Protection Law (PIPL) and the EU’s General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), despite their textual similarities. It argues that China’s approach to data protection is shaped by distinct domestic understandings of “risk,” rooted in past legislation, judicial practices, and social concerns. Using focal point theory, the authors identify three key dimensions of risk in China: large-scale participation, economic loss, and threats from third parties. These focal points explain why China’s risk-based approach prioritizes different enforcement goals than the GDPR. The article also shows how these differences manifest in several areas, including the definition of personal information, the regulation of automated decision-making, and the design of enforcement authorities. Ultimately, the article challenges the assumption that legal diffusion through the “Brussels Effect” leads to uniform global standards. Instead, it highlights how domestic cultural and institutional factors reshape transplanted laws, creating seemingly performative enforcement that reflects localized regulatory logics.
số ISSN:2662-9992
2055-1045
DOI:10.1057/s41599-025-06100-3
Nguồn:Social Science Database