Lactobacilli-Derived Microbe-Associated Molecular Patterns (MAMPs) in Host Immune Modulation

Guardado en:

Detalles Bibliográficos
Publicado en:	Biomolecules vol. 15, no. 11 (2025), p. 1609-1653
Autor principal:	Furnari Salvatore
Otros Autores:	Ciantia Ruben, Garozzo Adriana, Furneri, Pio Maria, Fuochi Virginia
Publicado:	MDPI AG
Materias:	Pathogens Toll-like receptors Probiotics Lymphocytes T Cytokines Immunology Bacteria Peptidoglycans Immunomodulation Inflammatory diseases Inflammation Kinases Interleukins Lipoteichoic acid Pattern recognition Immune response Homeostasis Immunity (Disease) Life expectancy Exopolysaccharides Immune system Pattern recognition receptors Nitric oxide Tumor necrosis factor-α Microorganisms
Acceso en línea:	Citation/Abstract Full Text + Graphics Full Text - PDF
Etiquetas:	Agregar Etiqueta Sin Etiquetas, Sea el primero en etiquetar este registro!

Descripción
Resumen:	Although traditionally sidelined by live probiotic effects, Lactobacilli-derived Microbe-Associated Molecular Patterns (MAMPs) are emerging as potent modulators of innate and adaptive immune responses, capable of acting independently of bacterial viability. However, the underlying mechanisms remain incompletely understood. These MAMPs, such as peptidoglycan (PGN), lipoteichoic acid (LTA), and exopolysaccharides (EPSs), interact with pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) like Toll-like receptors (TLRs), initiating immune-signaling cascades that regulate cytokine production and inflammation. Lactobacilli-derived MAMPs exhibit dual immunomodulatory effects: they can enhance pro-inflammatory responses, e.g., interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) under inflammatory contexts, while enhancing regulatory pathways via IL-10 and regulatory T-cell (Tregs) induction in anti-inflammatory settings. Importantly, these immunomodulatory properties persist in the absence of bacterial viability, making MAMPs promising candidates for postbiotic therapies. This opens new avenues for MAMP-based strategies to target inflammation, overcoming the risks associated with live bacterial administration. This review examines the therapeutic relevance of non-viable MAMPs, particularly in inflammatory diseases where they have demonstrated benefits in reducing tissue damage, enhancing gut barrier function, and alleviating disease symptoms. Additionally, we discuss regulatory and translational challenges hindering their clinical implementation, highlighting the need for standardized characterization, a clear safety framework, and strain-specific profiling. Given their ability to fine-tune immune responses, MAMPs represent an emerging strategy for innovative treatments aimed at restoring immune balance and reinforcing host–microbe interactions.
ISSN:	2218-273X
DOI:	10.3390/biom15111609
Fuente:	Health & Medical Collection