Shock Wave Propagation and Its Diffraction in an Annular Channel

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Publicat a:	Fluids vol. 10, no. 11 (2025), p. 295-314
Autor principal:	Volkov Konstantin
Publicat:	MDPI AG
Matèries:	Wave attenuation Confined spaces Hydrodynamics Fluid dynamics Wave propagation Shock waves Detonation Numerical analysis Pressure distribution Shock wave propagation Engines Radius of curvature Configurations Unsteady flow Propagation Mach reflection Velocity Wave diffraction Viscosity Turbulence models Mach number Algorithms Computational fluid dynamics Diffraction patterns Geometry Shock fronts
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Resum:	A computational study is conducted on shock wave propagation and diffraction in an annular duct. The curved geometry and central obstruction of the annular configuration generate complex wave phenomena not typically observed in linear channels. The evolution of incident shock fronts, their interactions with the inner and outer walls, and the resulting diffraction patterns are analysed in detail. Particular focus is placed on the formation of reflected and transmitted waves, as well as the effects of curvature and channel dimensions on shock strength and propagation speed. High-resolution computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations are used to capture transient flow features, and results are validated against available experimental data. Simulations are performed across a range of annular geometries with varying radii of curvature and inlet Mach numbers. Simulations across a range of inlet Mach numbers (1.5–3.0) and radii of curvature show that increasing curvature intensifies shock focusing near the inner wall, raising local pressure peaks by up to 20%, while promoting faster attenuation of the transmitted wave downstream. At higher Mach numbers, the reflected shock transitions from regular to Mach reflection, producing triple-point structures. The comparison of shock structures across configurations shows good agreement with experimental observations. The findings enhance understanding of shock dynamics in non-standard geometries and have implications for the design of detonation engines, pulse detonation systems, and safety analyses in confined environments.
ISSN:	2311-5521
DOI:	10.3390/fluids10110295
Font:	Materials Science Database