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022 |a 1938-1557 
035 |a 3276569871 
045 2 |b d20251001  |b d20251231 
084 |a 13201  |2 nlm 
100 1 |a Anonymous 
245 1 |a How "Archive" Became a Verb 
260 |b Issues in Science and Technology  |c Fall 2025 
513 |a Feature 
520 3 |a Public concerns and expert testimony in the congressional hearings about networked computing and the potential for data abuse were perhaps overwrought. Orwellian visions from critics that predicted "1984 by 1970" were highly implausible. Numerous studies of government agencies' data operations commissioned around this time found that most did not have comprehensive information about data sources, storage locations, or formats. Most of these congressional hearings and subcommittee reports--including reports from federal agencies and the National Academy of Sciences--argued that the invasion of privacy and abuse of data banks were not inherent in the transition to computerized systems and automated recordkeeping. Still, many legal critics' predictions, as well as the public's concerns, turned out to be sounder than social scientists and data managers of the time believed. For decades, stakeholders inside and outside government lobbied for more information about the government's recordkeeping practices and data archives. Throughout the reports and rebuttals, experts and data specialists struggled to locate where the risks of accessing data in aggregate actually resided, and where safeguards should be placed in the data lifecycle to preserve privacy. 
653 |a Congressional hearings 
653 |a Safeguards 
653 |a Social scientists 
653 |a Archives & records 
653 |a Records management 
653 |a Government agencies 
653 |a Drug abuse 
653 |a Right of privacy 
653 |a Social sciences 
653 |a Specialists 
653 |a Privacy 
653 |a Access to information 
653 |a Software 
653 |a Personal information 
653 |a Aggregate data 
653 |a Reports 
653 |a Automation 
653 |a Storage 
653 |a Computer centers 
653 |a Databases 
653 |a Testimony 
653 |a Computers 
653 |a Confidentiality 
653 |a Proposals 
653 |a Bureaucrats 
653 |a Banking 
653 |a Computerization 
653 |a Public interest 
653 |a Data Collection 
653 |a Researchers 
653 |a Social Problems 
653 |a Archives 
653 |a Verbs 
653 |a Hearings 
653 |a Statistical Data 
653 |a Recordkeeping 
653 |a Social 
653 |a Influence of Technology 
653 |a Word Processing 
653 |a Records (Forms) 
653 |a Time 
653 |a Laptop Computers 
653 |a Federal Government 
653 |a Public Agencies 
653 |a Statistical Analysis 
653 |a Data Processing 
653 |a Scientists 
653 |a Fear 
773 0 |t Issues in Science and Technology  |g vol. 42, no. 1 (Fall 2025), p. 65-69 
786 0 |d ProQuest  |t Science Database 
856 4 1 |3 Citation/Abstract  |u https://www.proquest.com/docview/3276569871/abstract/embedded/75I98GEZK8WCJMPQ?source=fedsrch 
856 4 0 |3 Full Text  |u https://www.proquest.com/docview/3276569871/fulltext/embedded/75I98GEZK8WCJMPQ?source=fedsrch 
856 4 0 |3 Full Text - PDF  |u https://www.proquest.com/docview/3276569871/fulltextPDF/embedded/75I98GEZK8WCJMPQ?source=fedsrch