Endemic vascular plants provide reliable indicators for mapping seasonally dry tropical forests

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Опубліковано в::PLoS One vol. 20, no. 12 (Dec 2025), p. e0337886
Автор: Flores-Tolentino, Mayra
Інші автори: Villaseñor, José Luis, Ortíz, Enrique, Prieto-Torres, David A, Ibarra-Manríquez, Guillermo
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Public Library of Science
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LEADER 00000nab a2200000uu 4500
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022 |a 1932-6203 
024 7 |a 10.1371/journal.pone.0337886  |2 doi 
035 |a 3280920141 
045 2 |b d20251201  |b d20251231 
084 |a 174835  |2 nlm 
100 1 |a Flores-Tolentino, Mayra 
245 1 |a Endemic vascular plants provide reliable indicators for mapping seasonally dry tropical forests 
260 |b Public Library of Science  |c Dec 2025 
513 |a Journal Article 
520 3 |a Plant communities are unevenly distributed in space, shaped by both abiotic and biotic factors. Several methods have been developed for delineating their extent, including the spatial analysis of vegetation patterns using tools such as vegetation maps, climate-based simulations, and the use of characteristic species distribution. However, limited knowledge exists about which species are most suitable for this purpose. In this study, we aimed to delimit the seasonally dry tropical forest (SDTF) in Mexico based on the distribution area of vascular plant species endemic to Mexico and registered to this biome. Endemic species serve as key indicators for delineating biomes, highlighting regions with stable conditions and unique evolutionary and biological characteristics. The occurrence records of species were obtained from the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) database, and ecological niche models were generated using the ENMTML package in R. The boundaries of the SDTF were delineated by stacking species distribution models, grouping endemic species according to the proportion of their occurrence records located within the SDTF: i) ≥50% of records (SDTF 50%), ii) ≥75% (SDTF 75%), and iii) 100% (SDTF 100%). Model performance was evaluated using Kappa, sensitivity, and specificity metrics. We validated our results using Asteraceae points distributed across Mexico’s major biomes and analyzed confusion matrices. A total of 3,673 endemic species were registered, and 228 met the criteria for species distribution modeling. Of these, 96% yielded models with high predictive accuracy. Among the three approaches, the model based on high-affinity species (SDTF 75%) performed best in terms of all evaluation metrics, delineating approximately 14% of Mexico’s surface as SDTF. In conclusion, high-affinity species serve as reliable indicators for delineating plant communities with well-defined environmental characteristics, facilitating both the precise delineation of biomes and their application in conservation ecology and in other biomes. 
651 4 |a Mexico 
653 |a Geographical distribution 
653 |a Spatial analysis 
653 |a Performance evaluation 
653 |a Flowers & plants 
653 |a Endemic species 
653 |a Topography 
653 |a Biogeography 
653 |a Biodiversity 
653 |a Biotic factors 
653 |a Plants (botany) 
653 |a Plant species 
653 |a Forests 
653 |a Vegetation mapping 
653 |a Plant communities 
653 |a Ecosystems 
653 |a Tropical forests 
653 |a Endemic plants 
653 |a Climate change 
653 |a Vegetation patterns 
653 |a Deforestation 
653 |a Ecological niches 
653 |a Dry forests 
653 |a Vegetation 
653 |a Geography 
653 |a Environmental conditions 
653 |a Affinity 
653 |a Online data bases 
653 |a Sensitivity analysis 
653 |a Plants 
653 |a Boundaries 
653 |a Climate and vegetation 
653 |a Environmental 
700 1 |a Villaseñor, José Luis 
700 1 |a Ortíz, Enrique 
700 1 |a Prieto-Torres, David A 
700 1 |a Ibarra-Manríquez, Guillermo 
773 0 |t PLoS One  |g vol. 20, no. 12 (Dec 2025), p. e0337886 
786 0 |d ProQuest  |t Health & Medical Collection 
856 4 1 |3 Citation/Abstract  |u https://www.proquest.com/docview/3280920141/abstract/embedded/6A8EOT78XXH2IG52?source=fedsrch 
856 4 0 |3 Full Text  |u https://www.proquest.com/docview/3280920141/fulltext/embedded/6A8EOT78XXH2IG52?source=fedsrch 
856 4 0 |3 Full Text - PDF  |u https://www.proquest.com/docview/3280920141/fulltextPDF/embedded/6A8EOT78XXH2IG52?source=fedsrch