Eco-Efficiency Indicators in Traditional Iberian Pig Farms in the Dehesa Ecosystem: Integrated Economic and Environmental Performance
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| Pubblicato in: | Agriculture vol. 15, no. 23 (2025), p. 2515-2533 |
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MDPI AG
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| Accesso online: | Citation/Abstract Full Text + Graphics Full Text - PDF |
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MARC
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| 024 | 7 | |a 10.3390/agriculture15232515 |2 doi | |
| 035 | |a 3280927164 | ||
| 045 | 2 | |b d20250101 |b d20251231 | |
| 084 | |a 231331 |2 nlm | ||
| 100 | 1 | |a García-Gudiño, Javier |u Animal Production, Centre of Scientific and Technological Research of Extremadura (CICYTEX), 06187 Guadajira, Spain | |
| 245 | 1 | |a Eco-Efficiency Indicators in Traditional Iberian Pig Farms in the <i>Dehesa</i> Ecosystem: Integrated Economic and Environmental Performance | |
| 260 | |b MDPI AG |c 2025 | ||
| 513 | |a Journal Article | ||
| 520 | 3 | |a The traditional Iberian pig production system in the dehesa ecosystem of southwestern Spain and Portugal represents a significant cultural and ecological model of extensive livestock farming currently facing sustainability challenges. This study aimed to identify eco-efficiency indicators by integrating economic and environmental dimensions across traditional Iberian pig farms. Structured surveys were conducted across 68 farms, complemented by life cycle assessment (LCA) to evaluate environmental impacts including climate change, acidification, eutrophication, energy demand and land occupation. Multivariate statistical analysis identified two distinct farm types: Mixed-orientation Farms (MF, 45.59% of farms), characterised by diversified production phases and greater reliance on external inputs, and Acorn-Fed Farms (AF, 54.41% of farms), specialised in acorn-based fattening with greater dehesa ecosystem integration. AF demonstrated significantly lower environmental impacts across all categories except land occupation, with reductions ranging from 9% to 18% compared to MF. Furthermore, AF achieved superior eco-efficiency with gross margins 15% higher than MF and economic returns per unit of environmental impact 32% to 59% higher across all indicators. These findings demonstrate that farrow-to-finish farms specialised in montanera systems can simultaneously achieve greater profitability and reduced environmental impacts, providing a replicable model for sustainable livestock production in Mediterranean agroecosystems. | |
| 653 | |a Sustainable production | ||
| 653 | |a Livestock | ||
| 653 | |a Feeds | ||
| 653 | |a Efficiency | ||
| 653 | |a Questionnaires | ||
| 653 | |a Eutrophication | ||
| 653 | |a Life cycle assessment | ||
| 653 | |a Farms | ||
| 653 | |a Economics | ||
| 653 | |a Environmental performance | ||
| 653 | |a Sustainability | ||
| 653 | |a Multivariate statistical analysis | ||
| 653 | |a Livestock farming | ||
| 653 | |a Cluster analysis | ||
| 653 | |a Ecosystems | ||
| 653 | |a Climate change | ||
| 653 | |a Extensive farming | ||
| 653 | |a Agricultural ecosystems | ||
| 653 | |a Discriminant analysis | ||
| 653 | |a Natural resources | ||
| 653 | |a Hogs | ||
| 653 | |a Life cycle analysis | ||
| 653 | |a Statistical analysis | ||
| 653 | |a Energy demand | ||
| 653 | |a Environmental impact | ||
| 653 | |a Multivariate analysis | ||
| 653 | |a Swine production | ||
| 653 | |a Acidification | ||
| 653 | |a Variables | ||
| 653 | |a Ecological models | ||
| 653 | |a Integrated approach | ||
| 653 | |a Livestock production | ||
| 653 | |a Economic | ||
| 700 | 1 | |a Perea José |u Animal Production, University of Córdoba (UCO), 14071 Córdoba, Spain; pa2pemuj@uco.es (J.P.); eangon@uco.es (E.A.) | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Font-i-Furnols, Maria |u Food Quality and Technology Program, Institute for Food and Agricultural Research and Technology (IRTA), 17121 Monells, Spain; maria.font@irta.cat | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Angón Elena |u Animal Production, University of Córdoba (UCO), 14071 Córdoba, Spain; pa2pemuj@uco.es (J.P.); eangon@uco.es (E.A.) | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Blanco-Penedo, Isabel |u Department of Animal Sciences, University of Lleida (Udl), 25918 Lleida, Spain; isabel.blancopenedo@udl.cat | |
| 773 | 0 | |t Agriculture |g vol. 15, no. 23 (2025), p. 2515-2533 | |
| 786 | 0 | |d ProQuest |t Agriculture Science Database | |
| 856 | 4 | 1 | |3 Citation/Abstract |u https://www.proquest.com/docview/3280927164/abstract/embedded/75I98GEZK8WCJMPQ?source=fedsrch |
| 856 | 4 | 0 | |3 Full Text + Graphics |u https://www.proquest.com/docview/3280927164/fulltextwithgraphics/embedded/75I98GEZK8WCJMPQ?source=fedsrch |
| 856 | 4 | 0 | |3 Full Text - PDF |u https://www.proquest.com/docview/3280927164/fulltextPDF/embedded/75I98GEZK8WCJMPQ?source=fedsrch |