Reliability Assessment of Long-Service Gravity Dams Based on Historical Water Level Monitoring Data

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I whakaputaina i:Water vol. 17, no. 23 (2025), p. 3374-3391
Kaituhi matua: Lu Yuzhou
Ētahi atu kaituhi: Qi Huijun, Li, Ziwei, Du Xiaohu, Lin Chaoning, Sheng Taozhen, Li Tongchun
I whakaputaina:
MDPI AG
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LEADER 00000nab a2200000uu 4500
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022 |a 2073-4441 
024 7 |a 10.3390/w17233374  |2 doi 
035 |a 3280971615 
045 2 |b d20250101  |b d20251231 
084 |a 231641  |2 nlm 
100 1 |a Lu Yuzhou  |u College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering, Hohai University, 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing 210098, China; luyuzhou118@163.com (Y.L.); leo.li@mail.mcgill.ca (Z.L.); linchaoning@hhu.edu.cn (C.L.); ltchhu@163.com (T.L.) 
245 1 |a Reliability Assessment of Long-Service Gravity Dams Based on Historical Water Level Monitoring Data 
260 |b MDPI AG  |c 2025 
513 |a Journal Article 
520 3 |a This paper addresses the challenge of systemic extreme risk in long-service gravity dams under human-controlled operation. It is the first study to construct a Generalized Extreme Value (GEV) distribution model using long-term operational monitoring data. The model, validated by multiple statistical tests and engineering boundary conditions, is then applied within a Response Surface Method-Monte Carlo (RSM-MC) reliability framework. Results indicate that the historical GEV model accurately captures the high-water-level tail characteristics and significantly overcomes the risk underestimation inherent in the uniform distribution model. Compared to the Log-Pearson Type III (Log-P3) design condition model, the GEV model yields a significantly lower probability of failure, e.g., the probability of cracking at the dam heel, the most sensitive failure mode, is reduced by nearly six times. This quantitative difference fully demonstrates GEV’s ability to precisely quantify the effective risk reduction achieved by human control, establishing a more scientific and realistic foundation for risk assessment of long-service gravity dams. 
653 |a Load 
653 |a Dams 
653 |a Monte Carlo simulation 
653 |a Accuracy 
653 |a Datasets 
653 |a Random variables 
653 |a Parameter identification 
653 |a Decision making 
653 |a Water levels 
653 |a Hydrology 
653 |a International organizations 
653 |a Engineering 
653 |a Methods 
653 |a Probability distribution 
653 |a Hydraulics 
653 |a Risk assessment 
653 |a Parameter estimation 
700 1 |a Qi Huijun  |u College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering, Hohai University, 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing 210098, China; luyuzhou118@163.com (Y.L.); leo.li@mail.mcgill.ca (Z.L.); linchaoning@hhu.edu.cn (C.L.); ltchhu@163.com (T.L.) 
700 1 |a Li, Ziwei  |u College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering, Hohai University, 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing 210098, China; luyuzhou118@163.com (Y.L.); leo.li@mail.mcgill.ca (Z.L.); linchaoning@hhu.edu.cn (C.L.); ltchhu@163.com (T.L.) 
700 1 |a Du Xiaohu  |u China Renewable Energy Engineering Institute (CREEI), No. A57, Andingmen Outer Street, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100120, China; duxh@creei.cn 
700 1 |a Lin Chaoning  |u College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering, Hohai University, 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing 210098, China; luyuzhou118@163.com (Y.L.); leo.li@mail.mcgill.ca (Z.L.); linchaoning@hhu.edu.cn (C.L.); ltchhu@163.com (T.L.) 
700 1 |a Sheng Taozhen  |u Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, 223 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, China; hhustz@126.com 
700 1 |a Li Tongchun  |u College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering, Hohai University, 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing 210098, China; luyuzhou118@163.com (Y.L.); leo.li@mail.mcgill.ca (Z.L.); linchaoning@hhu.edu.cn (C.L.); ltchhu@163.com (T.L.) 
773 0 |t Water  |g vol. 17, no. 23 (2025), p. 3374-3391 
786 0 |d ProQuest  |t Publicly Available Content Database 
856 4 1 |3 Citation/Abstract  |u https://www.proquest.com/docview/3280971615/abstract/embedded/7BTGNMKEMPT1V9Z2?source=fedsrch 
856 4 0 |3 Full Text + Graphics  |u https://www.proquest.com/docview/3280971615/fulltextwithgraphics/embedded/7BTGNMKEMPT1V9Z2?source=fedsrch 
856 4 0 |3 Full Text - PDF  |u https://www.proquest.com/docview/3280971615/fulltextPDF/embedded/7BTGNMKEMPT1V9Z2?source=fedsrch