MARC

LEADER 00000nab a2200000uu 4500
001 3286275171
003 UK-CbPIL
022 |a 2227-7102 
022 |a 2076-3344 
024 7 |a 10.3390/educsci15121612  |2 doi 
035 |a 3286275171 
045 2 |b d20250101  |b d20251231 
084 |a 231457  |2 nlm 
100 1 |a Morgado, Elsa Gabriel  |u Center for Studies in Education and Innovation (CI&DEI), Polytechnic Institute of Viseu, 3504-510 Viseu, Portugal 
245 1 |a Rethinking School Inclusion: A Comparative Analysis of Decree-Laws No. 3/2008 and No. 54/2018 in Portugal Based on UNESCO Reports 
260 |b MDPI AG  |c 2025 
513 |a Journal Article 
520 3 |a This article proposes a comparative analysis of Decree-Laws No. 3/2008 and No. 54/2018, legal instruments that define the models for supporting inclusive education in Portugal. By linking national regulatory developments with data and recommendations from UNESCO’s monitoring reports (GEM Reports), this research assesses the structural and conceptual changes underlying Portuguese education policy. The research follows a qualitative approach, of an exploratory and interpretative nature, using comparative document analysis as the central method. The results reveal a transition from a model focused on categorizing students with special educational needs (SEN) to an approach focused on universally meeting the needs of all students. The Discussion and Conclusions and Recommendations highlight the need to strengthen teacher training, pedagogical leadership, and monitoring based on disaggregated data, as recommended by UNESCO. 
610 4 |a United Nations Educational Scientific & Cultural Organization 
651 4 |a Portugal 
653 |a Teaching 
653 |a Pedagogy 
653 |a Students 
653 |a Collaboration 
653 |a Instructional design 
653 |a Inclusive education 
653 |a Disability 
653 |a Teachers 
653 |a Inclusion 
653 |a Schools 
653 |a Sustainable development 
653 |a Planning 
653 |a Special education 
653 |a Law 
653 |a Learning 
653 |a Comparative analysis 
653 |a Guidelines 
653 |a Educational Quality 
653 |a Educational Practices 
653 |a Institutional Role 
653 |a Teacher Collaboration 
653 |a Equal Education 
653 |a Individualized Programs 
653 |a Academic Accommodations (Disabilities) 
653 |a Individualized Instruction 
653 |a Instructional Leadership 
653 |a Leadership Role 
653 |a Educational Change 
653 |a Individualized Education Programs 
653 |a Access to Education 
653 |a Educational Assessment 
653 |a Global Education 
653 |a Comparative Education 
653 |a Educational Environment 
653 |a Lifelong Learning 
653 |a Educational Trends 
653 |a Educational Needs 
653 |a Educational Equity (Finance) 
653 |a Educational Principles 
700 1 |a Pereira, Antonino  |u School of Education, Center for Studies in Education and Innovation, Polytechnic Institute of Viseu, 3504-510 Viseu, Portugal; apereira@esev.ipv.pt 
700 1 |a Gouveia, Luís Borges  |u Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Fernando Pessoa, Praça 9 de Abril, 349, Ramalde, 4249-004 Porto, Portugal; lmbg@ufp.edu.pt 
700 1 |a Rodrigues João Bartolomeu  |u School of Human and Social Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; jbarto@utad.pt (J.B.R.); levileon@utad.pt (L.L.) 
700 1 |a Levi, Leonido  |u School of Human and Social Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; jbarto@utad.pt (J.B.R.); levileon@utad.pt (L.L.) 
773 0 |t Education Sciences  |g vol. 15, no. 12 (2025), p. 1612-1626 
786 0 |d ProQuest  |t Education Database 
856 4 1 |3 Citation/Abstract  |u https://www.proquest.com/docview/3286275171/abstract/embedded/H09TXR3UUZB2ISDL?source=fedsrch 
856 4 0 |3 Full Text  |u https://www.proquest.com/docview/3286275171/fulltext/embedded/H09TXR3UUZB2ISDL?source=fedsrch 
856 4 0 |3 Full Text - PDF  |u https://www.proquest.com/docview/3286275171/fulltextPDF/embedded/H09TXR3UUZB2ISDL?source=fedsrch