Efficient Fine-Grained LuT-Based Optimization of AES MixColumns and InvMixColumns for FPGA Implementation

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Publicado en:Electronics vol. 14, no. 24 (2025), p. 4912-4927
Autor Principal: Azzouzi Oussama
Outros autores: Anane, Mohamed, Ghanem Mohamed Chahine, Himeur Yassine, Hamza, Kheddar
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MDPI AG
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024 7 |a 10.3390/electronics14244912  |2 doi 
035 |a 3286275975 
045 2 |b d20250101  |b d20251231 
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100 1 |a Azzouzi Oussama  |u Department of Computer Science, Centre Universitaire El Cherif Bouchoucha Aflou, Aflou 03001, Algeria; o_azzouzi@esi.dz 
245 1 |a Efficient Fine-Grained LuT-Based Optimization of AES MixColumns and InvMixColumns for FPGA Implementation 
260 |b MDPI AG  |c 2025 
513 |a Journal Article 
520 3 |a This paper presents fine-grained Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGA) architectures for the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) MixColumns and InvMixColumns transformations, targeting improved performance and resource utilization. The proposed method reformulates these operations as boolean functions directly mapped onto FPGA Lookup-Table (LuT) primitives, replacing conventional xor-based arithmetic with memory-level computation. A custom MATLAB-R2019a-based pre-synthesis optimization algorithm performs algebraic simplification and shared subexpression extraction at the polynomial level of Galois Field <inline-formula>GF(28)</inline-formula>, reducing redundant logic memory. This architecture, LuT-level optimization minimizes the delay of the complex InvMixColumns stage and narrows the delay gap between encryption (1.305 ns) and decryption (1.854 ns), resulting in a more balanced and power-efficient AES pipeline. Hardware implementation on a Xilinx Virtex-5 FPGA confirms the efficiency of the design, demonstrating competitive performance compared to state-of-the-art FPGA realizations. Its fast performance and minimal hardware requirements make it well suited for real-time secure communication systems and embedded platforms with limited resources that need reliable bidirectional data processing. 
610 4 |a Xilinx Inc National Institute of Standards & Technology 
653 |a Encryption 
653 |a Software 
653 |a Boolean functions 
653 |a Data processing 
653 |a Network security 
653 |a Hardware 
653 |a Boolean 
653 |a Optimization 
653 |a Polynomials 
653 |a Architecture 
653 |a Algebra 
653 |a Field programmable gate arrays 
653 |a Automation 
653 |a Internet of Things 
653 |a Embedded systems 
653 |a Lookup tables 
653 |a Pipelining (computers) 
653 |a Communications systems 
653 |a Energy efficiency 
653 |a Data encryption 
653 |a Algorithms 
653 |a Resource utilization 
653 |a Real time 
700 1 |a Anane, Mohamed  |u Laboratory of System Design Methods, National Higher School of Computer Science, BP 68M, Algiers 16309, Algeria; m_anane@esi.dz 
700 1 |a Ghanem Mohamed Chahine  |u Cybersecuirty Institute, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, UK 
700 1 |a Himeur Yassine  |u College of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Dubai, Dubai 14143, United Arab Emirates; yhimeur@ud.ac.ae 
700 1 |a Hamza, Kheddar  |u Cyber Secuirty Research Centre, London Metropolitan University, London N7 8DB, UK; kheddar.hamza@univ-medea.dz 
773 0 |t Electronics  |g vol. 14, no. 24 (2025), p. 4912-4927 
786 0 |d ProQuest  |t Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Database 
856 4 1 |3 Citation/Abstract  |u https://www.proquest.com/docview/3286275975/abstract/embedded/7BTGNMKEMPT1V9Z2?source=fedsrch 
856 4 0 |3 Full Text + Graphics  |u https://www.proquest.com/docview/3286275975/fulltextwithgraphics/embedded/7BTGNMKEMPT1V9Z2?source=fedsrch 
856 4 0 |3 Full Text - PDF  |u https://www.proquest.com/docview/3286275975/fulltextPDF/embedded/7BTGNMKEMPT1V9Z2?source=fedsrch