Multivariate Statistical Analysis and S-A Multifractal Modeling of Lithogeochemical Data for Mineral Exploration: A Case Study from the Buerhantu Area, Hadamengou Gold Orefield, Inner Mongolia, China
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| Publicado en: | Geosciences vol. 15, no. 12 (2025), p. 473-508 |
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| Autor principal: | |
| Otros Autores: | , , , , , , , , |
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MDPI AG
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| Acceso en línea: | Citation/Abstract Full Text + Graphics Full Text - PDF |
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| 024 | 7 | |a 10.3390/geosciences15120473 |2 doi | |
| 035 | |a 3286299830 | ||
| 045 | 2 | |b d20251201 |b d20251231 | |
| 084 | |a 231468 |2 nlm | ||
| 100 | 1 | |a Fan Songhao |u Hohhot General Survey of Natural Resources Center, China Geological Survey, Hohhot 010010, China; fansonghao@mail.cgs.gov.cn (S.F.); surili@mail.cgs.gov.cn (R.S.); chenlei01@mail.cgs.gov.cn (L.C.); supanyun@mail.cgs.gov.cn (P.S.); houxiuhong@mail.cgs.gov.cn (X.H.); lvhanqin@mail.cgs.gov.cn (H.L.); wwenjie@mail.cgs.gov.cn (Z.X.) | |
| 245 | 1 | |a Multivariate Statistical Analysis and S-A Multifractal Modeling of Lithogeochemical Data for Mineral Exploration: A Case Study from the Buerhantu Area, Hadamengou Gold Orefield, Inner Mongolia, China | |
| 260 | |b MDPI AG |c 2025 | ||
| 513 | |a Journal Article | ||
| 520 | 3 | |a The Hadamengou gold deposit, located on the northern margin of the North China Craton, represents one of the region‘s most significant gold mineralization clusters. However, exploration in its deeper and peripheral sectors is constrained by ecological protection policies and the structural complexity of the ore-forming systems. Multivariate analysis combined with multi-model integration provides an effective mathematical approach for interpretating geochemical datasets and guiding mineral exploration, yet, its application in the Hadamengou region has not been systematically investigated. To address this research gap, this study developed a pilot framework in the key Buerhantu area, on the periphery of the Hadamengou metallogenic cluster, applying and adapting a multivariate-multimodel methodology for mineral prediction. The goal is to improve exploration targeting, particularly for concealed and deep-seated mineralization, while addressing the methodological challenges of mathematical modeling in complex geological conditions. Using 1:10,000-scale lithogeochemical data, we implemented a three-step workflow. First, isometric log-ratio (ILR) and centered log-ratio (CLR) transformations were compared to optimize data preprocessing, with a reference column (YD) added to overcome ILR constraints. Second, principal component analysis (PCA) identified a metallogenic element association (Sb-As-Sn-Au-Ag-Cu-Pb-Mo-W-Bi) consistent with district-scale mineralization patterns. Third, S-A multifractal modeling of factor scores (F1–F4) effectively separated noise, background, and anomalies, producing refined geochemical maps. Compared with conventional inverse distance weighting (IDW), the S-A model enhanced anomaly delineation and exploration targeting. Five anomalous zones (AP01–AP05) were identified. Drilling at AP01 confirmed the presence of deep gold mineralization, and the remaining anomalies are recommended for surface verification. This study demonstrates the utility of S-A multifractal modeling for geochemical anomaly detection and its effectiveness in defining exploration targets and improving exploration efficiency in underexplored areas of the Hadamengou district. | |
| 651 | 4 | |a China | |
| 651 | 4 | |a Mongolia | |
| 653 | |a Mineral exploration | ||
| 653 | |a Principal components analysis | ||
| 653 | |a Copper | ||
| 653 | |a Multivariate analysis | ||
| 653 | |a Geochemistry | ||
| 653 | |a Gold | ||
| 653 | |a Background noise | ||
| 653 | |a Quartz | ||
| 653 | |a Effectiveness | ||
| 653 | |a Multivariate statistical analysis | ||
| 653 | |a Anomalies | ||
| 653 | |a Statistical methods | ||
| 653 | |a Mineralization | ||
| 653 | |a Mineral deposits | ||
| 653 | |a Silver | ||
| 653 | |a Accuracy | ||
| 653 | |a Fault lines | ||
| 653 | |a Modelling | ||
| 653 | |a Antimony | ||
| 653 | |a Data processing | ||
| 653 | |a Statistical analysis | ||
| 653 | |a Isometric | ||
| 653 | |a Drilling | ||
| 653 | |a Cratons | ||
| 653 | |a Complexity | ||
| 653 | |a Mathematical models | ||
| 653 | |a Lithogeochemistry | ||
| 653 | |a Minerals | ||
| 653 | |a Tin | ||
| 653 | |a Metallogenesis | ||
| 700 | 1 | |a Wang, Da |u School of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China; 3101220009@email.cugb.edu.cn | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Yang, Biao |u Hohhot General Survey of Natural Resources Center, China Geological Survey, Hohhot 010010, China; fansonghao@mail.cgs.gov.cn (S.F.); surili@mail.cgs.gov.cn (R.S.); chenlei01@mail.cgs.gov.cn (L.C.); supanyun@mail.cgs.gov.cn (P.S.); houxiuhong@mail.cgs.gov.cn (X.H.); lvhanqin@mail.cgs.gov.cn (H.L.); wwenjie@mail.cgs.gov.cn (Z.X.) | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Ma Huchao |u School of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China; 3101220009@email.cugb.edu.cn | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Su Rilige |u Hohhot General Survey of Natural Resources Center, China Geological Survey, Hohhot 010010, China; fansonghao@mail.cgs.gov.cn (S.F.); surili@mail.cgs.gov.cn (R.S.); chenlei01@mail.cgs.gov.cn (L.C.); supanyun@mail.cgs.gov.cn (P.S.); houxiuhong@mail.cgs.gov.cn (X.H.); lvhanqin@mail.cgs.gov.cn (H.L.); wwenjie@mail.cgs.gov.cn (Z.X.) | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Chen, Lei |u Hohhot General Survey of Natural Resources Center, China Geological Survey, Hohhot 010010, China; fansonghao@mail.cgs.gov.cn (S.F.); surili@mail.cgs.gov.cn (R.S.); chenlei01@mail.cgs.gov.cn (L.C.); supanyun@mail.cgs.gov.cn (P.S.); houxiuhong@mail.cgs.gov.cn (X.H.); lvhanqin@mail.cgs.gov.cn (H.L.); wwenjie@mail.cgs.gov.cn (Z.X.) | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Su Panyun |u Hohhot General Survey of Natural Resources Center, China Geological Survey, Hohhot 010010, China; fansonghao@mail.cgs.gov.cn (S.F.); surili@mail.cgs.gov.cn (R.S.); chenlei01@mail.cgs.gov.cn (L.C.); supanyun@mail.cgs.gov.cn (P.S.); houxiuhong@mail.cgs.gov.cn (X.H.); lvhanqin@mail.cgs.gov.cn (H.L.); wwenjie@mail.cgs.gov.cn (Z.X.) | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Hou Xiuhong |u Hohhot General Survey of Natural Resources Center, China Geological Survey, Hohhot 010010, China; fansonghao@mail.cgs.gov.cn (S.F.); surili@mail.cgs.gov.cn (R.S.); chenlei01@mail.cgs.gov.cn (L.C.); supanyun@mail.cgs.gov.cn (P.S.); houxiuhong@mail.cgs.gov.cn (X.H.); lvhanqin@mail.cgs.gov.cn (H.L.); wwenjie@mail.cgs.gov.cn (Z.X.) | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Lv Hanqin |u Hohhot General Survey of Natural Resources Center, China Geological Survey, Hohhot 010010, China; fansonghao@mail.cgs.gov.cn (S.F.); surili@mail.cgs.gov.cn (R.S.); chenlei01@mail.cgs.gov.cn (L.C.); supanyun@mail.cgs.gov.cn (P.S.); houxiuhong@mail.cgs.gov.cn (X.H.); lvhanqin@mail.cgs.gov.cn (H.L.); wwenjie@mail.cgs.gov.cn (Z.X.) | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Xia Zhiwei |u Hohhot General Survey of Natural Resources Center, China Geological Survey, Hohhot 010010, China; fansonghao@mail.cgs.gov.cn (S.F.); surili@mail.cgs.gov.cn (R.S.); chenlei01@mail.cgs.gov.cn (L.C.); supanyun@mail.cgs.gov.cn (P.S.); houxiuhong@mail.cgs.gov.cn (X.H.); lvhanqin@mail.cgs.gov.cn (H.L.); wwenjie@mail.cgs.gov.cn (Z.X.) | |
| 773 | 0 | |t Geosciences |g vol. 15, no. 12 (2025), p. 473-508 | |
| 786 | 0 | |d ProQuest |t Publicly Available Content Database | |
| 856 | 4 | 1 | |3 Citation/Abstract |u https://www.proquest.com/docview/3286299830/abstract/embedded/7BTGNMKEMPT1V9Z2?source=fedsrch |
| 856 | 4 | 0 | |3 Full Text + Graphics |u https://www.proquest.com/docview/3286299830/fulltextwithgraphics/embedded/7BTGNMKEMPT1V9Z2?source=fedsrch |
| 856 | 4 | 0 | |3 Full Text - PDF |u https://www.proquest.com/docview/3286299830/fulltextPDF/embedded/7BTGNMKEMPT1V9Z2?source=fedsrch |