Video Satellite Visual Tracking of Space Targets with Uncertainties in Camera Parameters and Target Position

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Publicado no:Remote Sensing vol. 17, no. 24 (2025), p. 3978-4006
Autor principal: Zhong Zikai
Outros Autores: Fan Caizhi, Song, Haibo
Publicado em:
MDPI AG
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Acesso em linha:Citation/Abstract
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024 7 |a 10.3390/rs17243978  |2 doi 
035 |a 3286351840 
045 2 |b d20250101  |b d20251231 
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100 1 |a Zhong Zikai 
245 1 |a Video Satellite Visual Tracking of Space Targets with Uncertainties in Camera Parameters and Target Position 
260 |b MDPI AG  |c 2025 
513 |a Journal Article 
520 3 |a <sec sec-type="highlights"> What are the main findings? <list list-type="bullet"> <list-item> </list-item>A novel video satellite visual tracking method for space targets that accounts for uncertainties in both camera parameters and target position is proposed. <list-item> By adaptively estimating uncertain parameters, this method effectively overcomes the problem of traditional tracking accuracy being greatly affected by simultaneous uncertainties. </list-item> What are the implications of the main findings? <list list-type="bullet"> <list-item> </list-item>This work provides a novel framework for video satellite-based visual tracking that is robust to both camera calibration errors and target orbital uncertainties, achieving improvements in both accuracy and observation performance over conventional techniques. <list-item> It serves as a complement to ground-based remote sensing technologies, with the goal of improving space situational awareness capabilities for the near-Earth orbital environment. </list-item> Video satellites feature agile attitude maneuverability and the capability for continuous target imaging, making them an effective complement to ground-based remote sensing technologies. Existing research on video satellite tracking methods generally assumes either accurately calibrated camera parameters or precisely known target positions. However, deviations in camera parameters and errors in target localization can significantly degrade the performance of current tracking approaches. This paper proposes a novel adaptive visual tracking method for video satellites to track near-circular space targets in the presence of simultaneous uncertainties in both camera parameters and target position. First, the parameters representing these two types of uncertainties are separated through linearization. Then, based on the real-time image tracking error and the current parameter estimates, an update law for the uncertain parameters and a visual tracking law are designed. The stability of the closed-loop system and the convergence of the tracking error are rigorously proven. Finally, quantitative comparisons are conducted using a defined image stability index against two conventional tracking methods. Simulation results demonstrate that under coexisting uncertainties, traditional control methods either fail to track the target or exhibit significant tracking precision degradation. In contrast, the average image error during the steady-state phase exhibits a reduction of approximately one order of magnitude with the proposed method compared to the traditional image-based approach, demonstrating its superior tracking precision under complex uncertainty conditions. 
653 |a Optical tracking 
653 |a Accuracy 
653 |a Thermal cycling 
653 |a Orbits 
653 |a Cameras 
653 |a Closed loops 
653 |a Remote sensing 
653 |a Systems stability 
653 |a Earth orbits 
653 |a Tracking 
653 |a Parameter uncertainty 
653 |a Tracking errors 
653 |a Satellites 
653 |a Simulation 
653 |a Parameter estimation 
653 |a Closed loop systems 
653 |a Earth orbital environments 
653 |a Situational awareness 
653 |a Images 
653 |a Methods 
653 |a Stability 
653 |a Real time 
653 |a Control methods 
653 |a Satellite tracking 
653 |a Feedback control 
700 1 |a Fan Caizhi 
700 1 |a Song, Haibo 
773 0 |t Remote Sensing  |g vol. 17, no. 24 (2025), p. 3978-4006 
786 0 |d ProQuest  |t Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Database 
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