Communicating with (Some) Canadians: Communication Rights and Government Online in Canada
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| 发表在: | Canadian Journal of Communication vol. 34, no. 3 (2009), p. 435-460 |
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University of Toronto Press
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| 在线阅读: | Citation/Abstract Full Text Full Text - PDF |
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| 100 | 1 | |a Felczak, Michael | |
| 245 | 1 | |a Communicating with (Some) Canadians: Communication Rights and Government Online in Canada | |
| 260 | |b University of Toronto Press |c 2009 | ||
| 513 | |a Journal Article | ||
| 520 | 3 | |a Résumé : Dans cet article, les auteurs utilisent une perspective fondée sur le droit à la communication pour évaluer des initiatives en ligne de la part du gouvernement canadien. Au moyen de l'analyse de documents de politique générale, de sites gouvernementaux, d'expériences d'utilisateurs et de l'environnement informatique actuel dans son évolution constante, les auteurs soutiennent que les programmes gouvernementaux en ligne ne réussissent pas à protéger de manière adéquate les droits de communication des Canadiens qui utilisent des logiciels libres gratuits, y compris ceux qui désirent une alternative aux logiciels propriétaires, ceux qui dépendent de services informatiques à bas prix et ceux qui accèdent à Internet dans les bibliothèques et centres communautaires équipés de logiciels libres gratuits. En outre, les programmes gouvernementaux actuels sont incapables de protéger les droits de communication de ces Canadiens qui n'ont pas accès à Internet, c'est-à-dire ceux qui ne l'utilisent pas présentement ainsi que ceux qui n'ont pas l'intention de l'utiliser. Les auteurs identifient des problèmes spécifiques reliés à la fourniture d'informations, de services et de consultations de la part du gouvernement et recommandent des politiques qui s'adressent aux défauts identifiés. In this hierarchical conception, communication rights include both "negative" and "positive" dimensions. Communication freedoms cannot be restricted arbitrarily by the state, and they require simultaneously that the state ensure the conditions necessary for their exercise. Historically, proponents of civil and political rights opposed to social rights have argued that civil and political rights may be obtained at a minimal burden and require only a "negative" duty from others, including the state, which must simply refrain from interfering with rights-holders. In contrast, it is argued, social rights impose unreasonable costs, since they require a "positive" duty from others, including the state, which must provide or do something for the rights-holder. Upon closer examination, however, this either/or dichotomy has been shown to be untenable, since social, civil, and political rights involve substantial costs and a mix of "negative" and "positive" duties2. Today, the free and open source GNU/Linux operating system is increasingly available on traditional desktop and laptop systems distributed in Canada by mainstream retailers such as Dell (Dell, 2008b). Computer manufacturers have also started using GNU/Linux for low-cost, ultra-portable "network notebooks," or "netbooks": small, lightweight laptops with Internet connectivity. In 2008, for example, Asus, Acer, and Dell released netbooks pre-installed with GNU/Linux that sell in Canada for approximately CDNS290, CDNS330, and CDNS360, respectively (Dell, 2008a; Future Shop, 2008; NCIX, 2008). In each case, computer users have the choice between a low-cost GNU/Linux option and a more expensive model with Microsoft Windows. To ease use, most GNU/Linux netbooks include a simplified user interface similar to that found on mobile phones: a matrix of large icons is used to organize applications and functions. A recent industry report published by Gartner predicts that worldwide netbook ownership will exceed 50 million units by 2012 and that netbooks will continue to be purchased by both beginners and more experienced users (Kunert, 2008; Toto, 2008). Recent sales figures from Dell, one of the largest computer retailers in North America, indicate that approximately one-third of all Dell netbooks sold to date have in fact been GNU/Linux netbooks (Stem, 2009). | |
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| 653 | |a Federal government | ||
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| 653 | |a Internet access | ||
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| 653 | |a Telecommunications | ||
| 653 | |a Electronic publishing | ||
| 700 | 1 | |a Smith, Richard | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Glass, Geoffrey | |
| 773 | 0 | |t Canadian Journal of Communication |g vol. 34, no. 3 (2009), p. 435-460 | |
| 786 | 0 | |d ProQuest |t ABI/INFORM Global | |
| 856 | 4 | 1 | |3 Citation/Abstract |u https://www.proquest.com/docview/807509054/abstract/embedded/L8HZQI7Z43R0LA5T?source=fedsrch |
| 856 | 4 | 0 | |3 Full Text |u https://www.proquest.com/docview/807509054/fulltext/embedded/L8HZQI7Z43R0LA5T?source=fedsrch |
| 856 | 4 | 0 | |3 Full Text - PDF |u https://www.proquest.com/docview/807509054/fulltextPDF/embedded/L8HZQI7Z43R0LA5T?source=fedsrch |