MARC

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001 3190960156
003 UK-CbPIL
022 |a 2229-0443 
024 7 |a 10.1186/s40468-025-00363-y  |2 doi 
035 |a 3190960156 
045 2 |b d20251201  |b d20251231 
084 |a 243835  |2 nlm 
245 1 |a Understanding EFL teachers’ formative assessment literacy: insights from a mixed-methods study 
260 |b Springer Nature B.V.  |c Dec 2025 
513 |a Journal Article 
520 3 |a Despite the growing recognition of formative assessment (FA) as a crucial link between teaching and learning (Wiliam, 2017), there remains a gap in understanding how factors such as age and teaching experience influence the formative assessment literacy (FAL) of English as a foreign language (EFL) teachers in Iran. This sequential mixed-methods study aims to address this gap by identifying which factors most significantly predict teachers’ proficiency in this area. The research employs a quantitative design involving 250 EFL teachers from diverse schools and language institutes, complemented by qualitative interviews with 10 participants to gain deeper insights. The findings of multiple regression reveal that teaching experience is a more significant predictor of FAL than age. Furthermore, qualitative data highlight key themes including teacher knowledge, teacher-student bond, teacher practice, and teaching objectives, which play a vital role in shaping teachers’ FA skills. These findings suggest that targeted professional development programs focusing on practical experience and interpersonal skills can enhance EFL teachers’ ability to implement FA effectively, leading to improved student engagement, motivation, and language learning outcomes. By informing teacher training initiatives and educational policies, this study contributes to the development of more effective assessment practices in EFL contexts. 
653 |a Teaching 
653 |a Mixed methods research 
653 |a Literacy 
653 |a English teachers 
653 |a Teacher education 
653 |a Education policy 
653 |a Formative evaluation 
653 |a English as a second language 
653 |a Language assessment 
653 |a Second language teachers 
653 |a Teachers 
653 |a Learning outcomes 
653 |a Motivation 
653 |a Students 
653 |a English as a second language instruction 
653 |a Learning 
653 |a Professional training 
653 |a Experience 
653 |a Educational programs 
653 |a Development programs 
653 |a Foreign languages 
653 |a Student participation 
653 |a Language acquisition 
653 |a Formative assessment 
653 |a Research design 
653 |a Institutes 
653 |a Evaluation 
653 |a Development policy 
653 |a English language 
653 |a Competence 
653 |a Skills 
653 |a Work skills 
653 |a Soft skills 
653 |a Professional development 
653 |a Teaching Experience 
653 |a Language Teachers 
653 |a English (Second Language) 
653 |a Assessment Literacy 
653 |a Interpersonal Competence 
653 |a Teacher Characteristics 
653 |a Educational Assessment 
653 |a Learner Engagement 
773 0 |t Language Testing in Asia  |g vol. 15, no. 1 (Dec 2025), p. 25 
786 0 |d ProQuest  |t Education Database 
856 4 1 |3 Citation/Abstract  |u https://www.proquest.com/docview/3190960156/abstract/embedded/H09TXR3UUZB2ISDL?source=fedsrch 
856 4 0 |3 Full Text - PDF  |u https://www.proquest.com/docview/3190960156/fulltextPDF/embedded/H09TXR3UUZB2ISDL?source=fedsrch