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Enhancing Bidirectional Modbus TCP ↔ RTU Gateway Performance: A UDP Mechanism and Markov Chain Approach

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Vydáno v:Sensors vol. 25, no. 13 (2025), p. 3861-3888
Hlavní autor: Zhao, Shuang
Další autoři: Zhang, Qinghai, Zhao Qingjian, Zhang, Xiaoqian, Guo, Yang, Lu Shilei, Song, Liqiang, Zhao Zhengxu
Vydáno:
MDPI AG
Témata:
Distributed control systems
Software
Control algorithms
Interoperability
Automation
Ethernet
Protocol
Communication
Data transmission
Internet of Things
Product design
Sensors
Markov analysis
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Abstrakt:In the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) field, the diversity of devices and protocols leads to interconnection challenges. Conventional Modbus Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) to Remote Terminal Unit (RTU) gateways suffer from high overhead and latency of the TCP protocol stack. To enhance real-time communication while ensuring reliability, this study applies Markov chain theory to analyze User Datagram Protocol (UDP) transmission characteristics. An Advanced UDP (AUDP) protocol is proposed by integrating a Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) check mechanism, retransmission mechanism, Transaction ID matching mechanism, and exponential backoff mechanism at the UDP application layer. Based on AUDP, a Modbus AUDP-RTU gateway is designed with a lightweight architecture to achieve bidirectional conversion between Modbus AUDP and Modbus RTU. Experimental validation and Markov chain-based modeling demonstrate that the proposed gateway significantly reduces communication latency compared to Modbus TCP-RTU and exhibits higher reliability than Modbus UDP-RTU.
ISSN:1424-8220
DOI:10.3390/s25133861
Zdroj:Health & Medical Collection