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Optimizing net-zero energy strategies in airports through a hybrid multi-method framework

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Publicado en:Scientific Reports (Nature Publisher Group) vol. 15, no. 1 (2025), p. 27732-27767
Autor principal: Mizrak, Filiz
Otros Autores: Mizrak, Kagan Cenk, Karakaya, Turhan
Publicado:
Nature Publishing Group
Materias:
United Nations > UN
SWOT analysis
Fuzzy sets
Emissions
Optimization techniques
Aviation
Environmental impact
Energy conservation
Pareto optimum
Airports
Wind power
Artificial intelligence
Infrastructure
Alternative energy
Sustainable development
Decision making
Planning
Renewable resources
Multiple criteria decision making
Energy management
Classification
Sensitivity analysis
Game theory
Geographic information systems
Energy efficiency
HVAC
Carbon
Stakeholders
Net zero
Energy
Sustainable Development Goals
Economic
Acceso en línea:Citation/Abstract
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Resumen:This study introduces a hybrid decision-making framework to evaluate and prioritize energy retrofit strategies in airport infrastructure, addressing the dual goals of sustainability and operational feasibility. The proposed model integrates the Non-Dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II (NSGA-II) for generating Pareto-optimal solutions, K-Means clustering for classifying strategies, and the Pythagorean Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (PFAHP) for prioritizing alternatives under uncertainty. The framework was applied to a representative mid-sized international airport scenario, constrained by a maximum budget of $1 million, implementation timelines of up to 18 months, and an operational disruption threshold of 3 on a 5-point scale. Nine distinct retrofit strategies were identified, with costs ranging from $850,000 to $1,000,000 and energy savings between 20% (250,000 kWh) and 30% (360,000 kWh) annually. Carbon reductions ranged from 15% (approximately 102 metric tons per year) to 30% (around 144 metric tons per year), while implementation times varied from 6.16 to 11.92 months. Disruption levels ranged from minimal (1.23) to moderate (5.00). Among these, Solution 9 achieved the highest overall priority score (0.708), offering 30% energy and carbon savings at a cost of $1,000,000, with an 11.03-month timeline and moderate disruption level (4.09). Cluster analysis grouped solutions into three profiles: low-cost (average cost $859,375, energy savings 20.63%), balanced (average cost $906,250, energy savings 23.75%), and high-impact (average cost $973,750, energy savings up to 30%). Sensitivity analysis further confirmed the robustness of the prioritization, with only minor score fluctuations under adjusted scenarios. These findings provide concrete, actionable guidance for airport decision-makers to support strategic energy retrofit investments aligned with ICAO’s CORSIA framework and UN Sustainable Development Goals, enabling tangible progress toward net-zero operations.
ISSN:2045-2322
DOI:10.1038/s41598-025-12438-0
Fuente:Science Database