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Stiffness and Density Relationships in Additively Manufactured Structures: A Virial Theorem-Based Approach

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Publicado en:Materials vol. 18, no. 15 (2025), p. 3432-3445
Autor principal: Stejskal Tomáš
Otros Autores: Maláková Silvia, Lascsáková Marcela, Frankovský, Peter
Publicado:
MDPI AG
Materias:
Minimum weight
Thermodynamics
Gases
Mathematical models
Stiffness
Normal distribution
Optimization
Materials science
Topology
Binomial distribution
Approximation
Energy
Stability
Random signals
Density
Probability distribution
Entropy
Central limit theorem
Additive manufacturing
Virial theorem
Acceso en línea:Citation/Abstract
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Resumen:Topological optimization uses two main optimization conditions aimed at achieving the maximum stiffness at minimum weight of the loaded object, while not exceeding the allowable stress. This process naturally creates complex structures with varying degrees of density. There is a certain regularity between the density of the structure and stiffness, with the optimal density being related to the golden ratio. This study contributes to materials modeling and their characterization by introducing a mathematical theory related to the virial theorem as a predictive framework for understanding stiffness–density relationships in additively manufactured structures. The definition of virial stability and the methodology for deriving this stability from the kinetic and potential components of a random signal are introduced. The proposed virial-based model offers a generalizable tool for materials characterization, applicable not only to topological optimization but also to broader areas of materials science and advanced manufacturing.
ISSN:1996-1944
DOI:10.3390/ma18153432
Fuente:Materials Science Database