Battery-Powered AGV Scheduling and Routing Optimization with Flexible Dual-Threshold Charging Strategy in Automated Container Terminals

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Xehetasun bibliografikoak
Argitaratua izan da:	Journal of Marine Science and Engineering vol. 13, no. 8 (2025), p. 1526-1553
Egile nagusia:	Guo Wenwen
Beste egile batzuk:	Hu Huapeng, Sha Mei, Lian Jiarong, Yang Xiongfei
Argitaratua:	MDPI AG
Gaiak:	Scheduling Integer programming Cranes Collaboration Peak periods Optimization Decision making Charging Peripheral nervous system Literature reviews Algorithms Automation Transport buildings, stations and terminals Vessels Automated guided vehicles Strategic planning Workloads Energy consumption Efficiency Optimization models Run time (computers) Economic
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Deskribapena
Laburpena:	Battery-powered automatic guided vehicles (B-AGVs) serve as crucial horizontal transportation equipment in terminals and significantly impact the terminal transportation efficiency. Imbalanced B-AGV availability during terminal peak and off-peak periods is driven by dynamic vessel arrivals. We propose a flexible dual-threshold charging (FDTC) strategy synchronized with vessel dynamics. Unlike the static threshold charging (STC) strategy, FDTC dynamically adjusts its charging thresholds based on terminal workload intensity. And we develop a collaborative B-AGV scheduling and routing optimization model incorporating FDTC. A tailored Dijkstra-Partition neighborhood search (Dijkstra-Pns) algorithm is designed to resolve the problem in alignment with practical scenarios. Compared to the STC strategy, FDTC strategy significantly reduces the maximum B-AGV running time and decreases conflict waiting delays and charging times by 25.04% and 24.41%, respectively. Moreover, FDTC slashes quay crane (QC) waiting time by 40.78%, substantially boosting overall terminal operational efficiency.
ISSN:	2077-1312
DOI:	10.3390/jmse13081526
Baliabidea:	Engineering Database