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A Personalized 3D-Printed Smart Splint with Integrated Sensors and IoT-Based Control: A Proof-of-Concept Study for Distal Radius Fracture Management

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Publicado en:Electronics vol. 14, no. 17 (2025), p. 3542-3567
Autor principal: Ma, Yufeng
Otros Autores: Tang Haoran, Wang Baojian, Luo Jiashuo, Liu Xiliang
Publicado:
MDPI AG
Materias:
Pressure sensors
Internet of Things
Closed reduction
Bone surgery
Fuzzy logic
Traditional Chinese medicine
Closed loops
Recovery
Remote monitoring
Thin films
Splints
Three dimensional printing
Feedback
Compartment syndrome
Customization
Osteoporosis
Straps
Patients
Biomechanics
Fractures
Pressure ulcers
Trauma
Sensors
3-D printers
Pain
Cost analysis
Real time
Feedback control
Orthopedics
Acceso en línea:Citation/Abstract
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Resumen:Conventional static fixation for distal radius fractures (DRF) is clinically challenging, with methods often leading to complications such as malunion and pressure-related injuries. These issues stem from uncontrolled pressure and a lack of real-time biomechanical feedback, resulting in suboptimal functional recovery. To overcome these limitations, we engineered an intelligent, adaptive orthopedic device. The system is built on a patient-specific, 3D-printed architecture for a lightweight, personalized fit. It embeds an array of thin-film pressure sensors at critical anatomical sites to continuously quantify biomechanical forces. This data is transmitted via an Internet of Things (IoT) module to a cloud platform, enabling real-time remote monitoring by clinicians. The core innovation is a closed-loop feedback controller governed by a robust Interval Type-2 Fuzzy Logic (IT2-FLC) algorithm. This system autonomously adjusts servo-driven straps to dynamically regulate fixation pressure, adapting to changes in limb swelling. In a preliminary clinical evaluation, the group receiving the integrated treatment protocol, which included the smart splint and TCM herbal therapy, demonstrated superior anatomical restoration and functional recovery, evidenced by higher Cooney scores (91.65 vs. 83.15) and lower VAS pain scores. This proof-of-concept study validates a new paradigm for adaptive orthopedic devices, showing high potential for clinical translation.
ISSN:2079-9292
DOI:10.3390/electronics14173542
Fuente:Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Database