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Diagnostic evaluation of a small watershed via multivariate statistical analysis and a positive matrix factorization receptor model

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Publicado en:Applied Water Science vol. 15, no. 11 (Nov 2025), p. 277
Autor principal: Jo, Chang Dae
Otros Autores: Kwon, Heon Gak
Publicado:
Springer Nature B.V.
Materias:
Environmental Protection Agency > EPA
South Korea
United States > US
Household wastes
Receptors
Surface water
Organic matter
Phosphorus
Principal components analysis
Nitrogen
Watersheds
Rivers
Scientific imaging
Chromatography
Nonpoint source pollution
Climate change
Statistical analysis
Sewage
Water quality
Precipitation
Wastewater treatment
Multivariate analysis
Multivariate statistical analysis
Methods
Statistical methods
Industrial wastewater treatment
Industrial wastewater
Treated water
Water treatment plants
Industrial wastes
Salts
Pollution sources
Factorization
Quality management
Nitrates
Pollutants
Chemical oxygen demand
Water pollution
Population growth
Standard scores
Quality assessment
Nutrients
Water quality management
River ecology
Watershed management
Organic phosphorus
Variables
Chlorophyll
Environmental
Acceso en línea:Citation/Abstract
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Resumen:This study employs multivariate statistical techniques, water quality index (WQI), and a positive matrix factorization (PMF) receptor model to identify pollution sources entering a river, and evaluate the water quality. The study aims to establish strategies for effective water quality management in a watershed by identifying water quality characteristics using principal component analysis (PCA), and evaluating the effect of each pollution source using the PMF model. Through PCA, we identified organic matter and nutrients (e.g., nitrogen and phosphorus) as the primary sources of pollution with a significant impact on the target watershed. The PMF receptor model showed that the pollution sources included organic matter (29.61%), chlorophyll (22.52%), and nitrogen-based nutritive salts (19.80%). Furthermore, the WQI revealed a decrease in the calculated values in urban districts; site 1 (85.1) showed the highest value, whereas sites 5 (64.0) and 6 (63.8) showed lower values. The overall water quality remained safe above the moderate level. To maintain safe water quality and ensure effective management practices, it is imperative to consistently monitor the treated water flowing into the river from domestic sewage and industrial wastewater treatment facilities, and implement countermeasures against various non-point pollution sources. By selecting the sections affecting the target watershed and presenting the main factors and contributions of pollution sources, this study provides a range of methods for water quality management through scientific and precise analysis. The diverse analysis techniques employed in this study can be applied to future water quality evaluations.
ISSN:2190-5487
2190-5495
DOI:10.1007/s13201-025-02641-9
Fuente:Publicly Available Content Database