Mechanochemically Synthesized Nanocrystalline Cu2ZnSnSe4 as a Multifunctional Material for Energy Conversion and Storage Applications
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| الحاوية / القاعدة: | Nanomaterials vol. 15, no. 24 (2025), p. 1866-1883 |
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| المؤلف الرئيسي: | |
| مؤلفون آخرون: | , , , , , |
| منشور في: |
MDPI AG
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| الموضوعات: | |
| الوصول للمادة أونلاين: | Citation/Abstract Full Text + Graphics Full Text - PDF |
| الوسوم: |
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| 022 | |a 2079-4991 | ||
| 024 | 7 | |a 10.3390/nano15241866 |2 doi | |
| 035 | |a 3286331447 | ||
| 045 | 2 | |b d20250101 |b d20251231 | |
| 084 | |a 231543 |2 nlm | ||
| 100 | 1 | |a Johnrose, Angel Agnes |u Research Scholar, Reg.No.20213282132013, Department of Physics and Research Centre, Women’s Christian College, Nagercoil, Affiliated to Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Abishekapatti, Tirunelveli 629001, India; angelagnes1987@gmail.com | |
| 245 | 1 | |a Mechanochemically Synthesized Nanocrystalline Cu<sub>2</sub>ZnSnSe<sub>4</sub> as a Multifunctional Material for Energy Conversion and Storage Applications | |
| 260 | |b MDPI AG |c 2025 | ||
| 513 | |a Journal Article | ||
| 520 | 3 | |a Cu2ZnSnSe4 is a promising light-absorbing material for cost-effective and eco-friendly thin-film solar cells; however, its synthesis often leads to secondary phases that limit device efficiency. To overcome these challenges, we devised a straightforward and efficient method to obtain single-phase Cu2ZnSnSe4 nanocrystalline powders directly from the elements Cu, Zn, Sn, and Se via mechanochemical synthesis followed by vacuum annealing at 450 °C. Phase evolution monitored by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectroscopy at two-hour milling intervals confirmed the formation of phase-pure kesterite Cu2ZnSnSe4 and enabled tracking of transient secondary phases. Raman spectra revealed the characteristic A1 vibrational modes of the kesterite structure, while XRD peaks and Rietveld refinement (χ2 ~ 1) validated single-phase formation with crystallite sizes of 10–15 nm and dislocation densities of 3.00–3.20 1015 lines/m2. Optical analysis showed a direct bandgap of ~1.1 eV, and estimated linear and nonlinear optical constants validate its potential for photovoltaic applications. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis showed uniformly distributed particles 50–60 nm, and energy dispersive X-ray (EDS) analysis confirmed a near-stoichiometric Cu:Zn:Sn:Se ratio of 2:1:1:4. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) identified the expected oxidation states (Cu+, Zn2+, Sn4+, and Se2−). Electrical characterization revealed p-type conductivity with a mobility (μ) of 2.09 cm2/Vs, sheet resistance (ρ) of 4.87 Ω cm, and carrier concentrations of 1.23 × 1019 cm−3. Galvanostatic charge–discharge testing (GCD) demonstrated an energy density of 2.872 Wh/kg−1 and a power density of 1083 W kg−1, highlighting the material’s additional potential for energy storage applications. | |
| 651 | 4 | |a United States--US | |
| 651 | 4 | |a Japan | |
| 653 | |a Raman spectra | ||
| 653 | |a Crystallites | ||
| 653 | |a Scanning electron microscopy | ||
| 653 | |a Zinc | ||
| 653 | |a Copper zinc tin selenide | ||
| 653 | |a X-ray diffraction | ||
| 653 | |a Diffraction | ||
| 653 | |a Electrical resistivity | ||
| 653 | |a Copper | ||
| 653 | |a Point defects | ||
| 653 | |a Raman spectroscopy | ||
| 653 | |a Energy storage | ||
| 653 | |a Thin films | ||
| 653 | |a Synthesis | ||
| 653 | |a Spectroscopy | ||
| 653 | |a Efficiency | ||
| 653 | |a Multifunctional materials | ||
| 653 | |a Energy conversion | ||
| 653 | |a Electromagnetic absorption | ||
| 653 | |a Alternative energy | ||
| 653 | |a Lasers | ||
| 653 | |a Selenium | ||
| 653 | |a Software | ||
| 653 | |a Semiconductors | ||
| 653 | |a Dislocation density | ||
| 653 | |a Solar cells | ||
| 653 | |a Oxidation | ||
| 653 | |a Vibration mode | ||
| 653 | |a Photoelectrons | ||
| 653 | |a Vacuum annealing | ||
| 653 | |a Photovoltaic cells | ||
| 653 | |a Crystal structure | ||
| 653 | |a Crystals | ||
| 653 | |a Photovoltaics | ||
| 653 | |a Spectrum analysis | ||
| 653 | |a Nonlinear optics | ||
| 653 | |a Optical analysis | ||
| 653 | |a X ray photoelectron spectroscopy | ||
| 653 | |a Electrical properties | ||
| 653 | |a Morphology | ||
| 653 | |a Photoelectron spectroscopy | ||
| 653 | |a Tin | ||
| 700 | 1 | |a Rajan, Sajitha Devika |u Centre of Excellence for Energy Research, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai 600119, India; devikasrajan20@gmail.com (D.R.S.); vengatesh.irc@sathyabama.ac.in (V.P.) | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Panneerselvam Vengatesh |u Centre of Excellence for Energy Research, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai 600119, India; devikasrajan20@gmail.com (D.R.S.); vengatesh.irc@sathyabama.ac.in (V.P.) | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Anandhi, Sivaramalingam |u Department of Physics, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai 600119, India; anandhis.physics@sathyabama.ac.in | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Amirtharaj Mosas Kamalan Kirubaharan |u Centre for Functional and Surface-Functionalized Glass, Alexander Dubcek University of Trencín, 911 50 Trencín, Slovakia; kamalan.mosas@tnuni.sk | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Beauno, Stephen |u Department of Physics and Research Centre, Women’s Christian College, Nagercoil, Affiliated to Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Abishekapatti, Tirunelveli 629001, India | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Shyju, Thankaraj Salammal |u Centre of Excellence for Energy Research, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai 600119, India; devikasrajan20@gmail.com (D.R.S.); vengatesh.irc@sathyabama.ac.in (V.P.) | |
| 773 | 0 | |t Nanomaterials |g vol. 15, no. 24 (2025), p. 1866-1883 | |
| 786 | 0 | |d ProQuest |t Materials Science Database | |
| 856 | 4 | 1 | |3 Citation/Abstract |u https://www.proquest.com/docview/3286331447/abstract/embedded/75I98GEZK8WCJMPQ?source=fedsrch |
| 856 | 4 | 0 | |3 Full Text + Graphics |u https://www.proquest.com/docview/3286331447/fulltextwithgraphics/embedded/75I98GEZK8WCJMPQ?source=fedsrch |
| 856 | 4 | 0 | |3 Full Text - PDF |u https://www.proquest.com/docview/3286331447/fulltextPDF/embedded/75I98GEZK8WCJMPQ?source=fedsrch |