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Characterizing the contribution of alcohol use towards neuropsychological profiles in mild cognitive impairment

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Veröffentlicht in:Alzheimer's & Dementia vol. 21 (Dec 1, 2025)
1. Verfasser: Cuperfain, Ari
Weitere Verfasser: Pishdadian, Sara, Binns, Malcolm A, Black, Sandra E., Chertkow, Howard, Freedman, Morris, Louis, Janine, Ma, Clement, Masellis, Mario, McLaughlin, Paula M, Ramirez, Joel, Tang‐Wai, David F., Tartaglia, Carmela, Kumar, Sanjeev
Veröffentlicht:
John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Schlagworte:
Neurocognition
Alcohol use
Groups
Memory
Medical diagnosis
Age
Dementia
Females
Executive control
Cognition
Neuropsychology
Cognitive ability
Cognitive impairment
Intoxication
Recall
Encoding
Drinks
Patients
Alzheimer's disease
Medical prognosis
Age groups
Encoding (Cognitive process)
Retrieval
Intelligence
Disorders
Vascular disease
Executive function
Disease
Profiles
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Abstract:Background Excessive alcohol use is known to increase the risk of dementia, however, how alcohol specifically effects cognition in patients with neurocognitive disorders is unclear. In this study, we characterized the effects of excessive alcohol use on cognitive domains in those with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Method Two multicenter cohorts, the Comprehensive Assessment of Neurodegeneration and Dementia and the Ontario Neurodegenerative Disease Research Initiative, provided data for this study. Participants were diagnosed with MCI due to Alzheimer's disease (AD‐MCI) or cerebro‐vascular disease (V‐MCI), and were categorized based on their current and past alcohol use into ‘zero’, ‘low‐medium’ (less than 1 to 7 standard drinks/week), or ‘high’ (>7 standard drinks/week) alcohol use groups. We generated age‐corrected composite cognitive domain scores for Processing Speed, Memory Encoding, Recall and Recognition, Executive Control, Executive Function, Visuoperceptual, and Language domains, and compared them among the three groups while controlling for sex, pre‐morbid intelligence, and diagnosis. Result The zero alcohol group included 157 participants (females = 48.4%; V‐MCI = 52.2%) with mean (SD) age 71.26 (6.93) years, the low‐medium alcohol group included 213 participants (females = 42.2%; V‐MCI = 44.1%) with mean (SD) age 71.64 (7.77) years, and the high alcohol group included 73 participants (females = 20.5%; V‐MCI = 50.1%) with mean (SD) age 72.23 (7.51) years. The groups differed only in Processing Speed (F(2,407) = 3.298, p =  0.038), Memory Encoding (F(2,394) = 4.689, p =  0.010) and Recall (F(2,403) = 3.997, p =  0.019). Pairwise comparisons revealed a significant difference between the low‐medium and high alcohol groups in both Memory Encoding (p = 0.019) and Recall (p = 0.018), with participants in the high alcohol group demonstrating lower performance. There were no differences between the zero alcohol group and other groups. There were no pairwise differences for Processing Speed. Conclusion In participants with AD‐MCI or V‐MCI, excessive alcohol use is associated with worse memory encoding and retrieval, but not retention. This is consistent with a more dysexecutive memory profile than a typical amnestic cognitive profile. Future studies should investigate underlying mechanisms for these deficits, and their impact on prognosis of the illness.
ISSN:1552-5260
1552-5279
DOI:10.1002/alz70857_100017
Quelle:Consumer Health Database