Exploring sentiments and topics in Extended Reality learning environments: A comparative study

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:PLoS One vol. 20, no. 7 (Jul 2025), p. e0327311
Main Author: Al-Samarraie, Hosam
Other Authors: Samer Muthana Sarsam, Ahmed Ibrahim Alzahrani, Aldowah, Hanan
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Public Library of Science
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024 7 |a 10.1371/journal.pone.0327311  |2 doi 
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100 1 |a Al-Samarraie, Hosam 
245 1 |a Exploring sentiments and topics in Extended Reality learning environments: A comparative study 
260 |b Public Library of Science  |c Jul 2025 
513 |a Journal Article 
520 3 |a This study explored online users’ sentiments about the use and application of Extended Reality (XR) in higher education. X social media platform was used as the main source for assessing users’ perceptions of XR in teaching and learning. A topic modelling approach was used to identify and compare main themes and topics in relation to the use of Virtual Reality (VR) and Augmented Reality (AR)/Mixed Reality (MR). The sentiment and polarity of each topic were assessed and compared across these technologies. The results revealed three themes for VR (self-directed learning, creativity-promoting environments, and challenges and concerns) and three themes for AR/MR (guided and oriented learning experience, playful and flexible learning experience, and challenges and concerns). The results also demonstrated significant differences in users’ sentiments, with VR use in higher education achieving higher positivity, anticipation, trust, and joy compared to AR/MR. Findings from this study are unique in the sense that they offer a comparative perspective on XR inclusion in university teaching and learning. The findings can direct policy makers in higher education about the suitability and feasibility of using certain XR technologies in facilitating their digital transformation goals. 
653 |a Higher education 
653 |a Students 
653 |a Application programming interface 
653 |a Pilot projects 
653 |a Curricula 
653 |a Social networks 
653 |a Computer applications 
653 |a Ethics 
653 |a Emotions 
653 |a Colleges & universities 
653 |a Virtual reality 
653 |a Comparative studies 
653 |a Machine learning 
653 |a Augmented reality 
653 |a Perceptions 
653 |a Learning 
653 |a Sentiment analysis 
653 |a Education 
653 |a Data collection 
653 |a Mixed reality 
653 |a Social 
700 1 |a Samer Muthana Sarsam 
700 1 |a Ahmed Ibrahim Alzahrani 
700 1 |a Aldowah, Hanan 
773 0 |t PLoS One  |g vol. 20, no. 7 (Jul 2025), p. e0327311 
786 0 |d ProQuest  |t Health & Medical Collection 
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856 4 0 |3 Full Text  |u https://www.proquest.com/docview/3230113702/fulltext/embedded/75I98GEZK8WCJMPQ?source=fedsrch 
856 4 0 |3 Full Text - PDF  |u https://www.proquest.com/docview/3230113702/fulltextPDF/embedded/75I98GEZK8WCJMPQ?source=fedsrch