Cooperative Learning and Academic Writing Skills: An Application of the Collective Working Memory Effect

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Vydáno v:Education Sciences vol. 15, no. 10 (2025), p. 1392-1404
Hlavní autor: Surwanti Dita
Další autoři: Loyens Sofie, Burke, Michael, Hikmah Isti’anatul, Gemilang Adria Vitalya, Rikers Remy
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100 1 |a Surwanti Dita  |u Department of Education and Learning Sciences, Utrecht University, 3584 Utrecht, The Netherlands; s.m.m.loyens@uu.nl (S.L.); m.burke@ucr.nl (M.B.); r.m.j.p.rikers@uu.nl (R.R.) 
245 1 |a Cooperative Learning and Academic Writing Skills: An Application of the Collective Working Memory Effect 
260 |b MDPI AG  |c 2025 
513 |a Journal Article 
520 3 |a Cognitive Load Theory (CLT) has primarily been applied to individual learning, while research on collaborative learning under CLT remains inconclusive. This experimental study investigated the effect of collective working memory on cognitive load, writing performance, and learning efficiency among 150 Indonesian undergraduates. Participants were assigned to either an individual learning (control) or cooperative learning (experimental) condition. Baseline writing performance differed between groups, so gain scores were analyzed. Results showed that both groups improved significantly in writing performance, with no significant differences between conditions. Cognitive load increased slightly in the cooperative learning group, while learning efficiency showed a small positive trend. These findings suggest that cooperative learning may support writing performance and efficiency in complex tasks, although clear advantages over individual learning were not established. Further research is needed with balanced baseline groups and longer interventions. 
651 4 |a Indonesia 
653 |a Instructional design 
653 |a Student writing 
653 |a Cognitive load 
653 |a Learning activities 
653 |a Efficiency 
653 |a Cooperative learning 
653 |a Educational objectives 
653 |a Collaborative learning 
653 |a Independent study 
653 |a Collective memory 
653 |a Instructional Improvement 
653 |a Academic Language 
653 |a Control Groups 
653 |a Experimental Groups 
653 |a Addition 
653 |a Group Instruction 
653 |a Long Term Memory 
653 |a Learning Processes 
653 |a Group Dynamics 
653 |a Instructional Materials 
653 |a Memory 
653 |a Language Tests 
653 |a Laboratory Experiments 
653 |a Collaborative Writing 
653 |a Charts 
653 |a Instructional Effectiveness 
653 |a Educational Environment 
653 |a Cognitive Ability 
653 |a Learner Engagement 
653 |a English 
653 |a Graphs 
700 1 |a Loyens Sofie  |u Department of Education and Learning Sciences, Utrecht University, 3584 Utrecht, The Netherlands; s.m.m.loyens@uu.nl (S.L.); m.burke@ucr.nl (M.B.); r.m.j.p.rikers@uu.nl (R.R.) 
700 1 |a Burke, Michael  |u Department of Education and Learning Sciences, Utrecht University, 3584 Utrecht, The Netherlands; s.m.m.loyens@uu.nl (S.L.); m.burke@ucr.nl (M.B.); r.m.j.p.rikers@uu.nl (R.R.) 
700 1 |a Hikmah Isti’anatul  |u Department of English Education, Universitas Sarjanawiyata Tamansiswa, Yogyakarta 55167, Indonesia; istianatul.hikmah@ustjogja.ac.id (I.H.); adria.vitalya@ustjogja.ac.id (A.V.G.) 
700 1 |a Gemilang Adria Vitalya  |u Department of English Education, Universitas Sarjanawiyata Tamansiswa, Yogyakarta 55167, Indonesia; istianatul.hikmah@ustjogja.ac.id (I.H.); adria.vitalya@ustjogja.ac.id (A.V.G.) 
700 1 |a Rikers Remy  |u Department of Education and Learning Sciences, Utrecht University, 3584 Utrecht, The Netherlands; s.m.m.loyens@uu.nl (S.L.); m.burke@ucr.nl (M.B.); r.m.j.p.rikers@uu.nl (R.R.) 
773 0 |t Education Sciences  |g vol. 15, no. 10 (2025), p. 1392-1404 
786 0 |d ProQuest  |t Education Database 
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